Sodium
Mineral
Reviewed human evidence related to sodium. Effects depend on dose and context.
Last reviewed: 2026-09-16
Aliases: salt, electrolytes, sodium chloride
Reviewed outcomes
Blood pressure
Sodium · increase · Magnitude unknown
Higher sodium intake raises blood pressure on average; reducing intake can lower it.
strong evidence · Human data reviewedEvidence, caveats & sources›Exercise hydration
Sodium · unknown · Magnitude unknown
Sodium replacement needs during prolonged exercise depend on sweat loss and conditions.
limited evidence · Human data reviewedEvidence, caveats & sources›