Vitamin D
Vitamin
Reviewed human evidence related to vitamin d. Effects depend on dose and context.
Last reviewed: 2026-09-16
Aliases: vitamin d3, cholecalciferol
Reviewed outcomes
Bone health
Vitamin D · increase · Magnitude unknown
Vitamin D contributes to calcium absorption and bone health; fracture results depend on population and co-supplementation.
moderate evidence · Human data reviewedEvidence, caveats & sources›Cardiovascular events
Vitamin D · no clear effect · Magnitude unknown
Trials have not established a general cardiovascular prevention benefit from vitamin D supplementation.
moderate evidence · Human data reviewedEvidence, caveats & sources›