The predicted risk of head injury from fall-related impacts on to third-generation artificial turf and grass soccer surfaces: a comparative biomechanical analysis
Theobald P, Whitelegg L, Nokes LD, Jones MD
Sports biomechanics · 7 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- In vitro/mechanistic study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- Cells or lab samples
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2010-03-01 · Sports Biomech · vol. 9 · issue 1 · pp. 29–37
- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- Cited
- 17 citations · more than 82% of similar papers · 1.5× the field average
- References
- 18 works
- Access
- Paywalled
- Research areas
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research · Injury Epidemiology and Prevention · Sports injuries and prevention
- Keywords
- Head (geology), Range (aeronautics), Traumatic brain injury, Poison control, Environmental science, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Mathematics, Medicine, Geology, Materials science, Emergency medicine, Composite material
- MeSH
- humans, poaceae, brain injuries, athletic injuries, injury severity score, risk, accidental falls, soccer, biomechanical phenomena
4 authors
From GB
- Peter S. TheobaldCardiff University
- Liam WhiteleggCardiff University
- Leonard Derek Martin NokesCardiff University
- Michael D. Jones · correspondingCardiff University
Abstract
The risk of soccer players sustaining mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) following head impact with a playing surface is unclear. This study investigates MTBI by performing headform impact tests from varying heights onto a range of third-generation artificial turf surfaces. Each turf was prepared as per manufacturers specifications within a laboratory, before being tested immediately following installation and then again after a bedding-in period. Each turf was tested dry and when wetted to saturation. Data from the laboratory tests were compared to an in situ third-generation surface and a professional grass surface. The surface performance threshold was set at a head impact criterion (HIC) = 400, which equates to a 10% risk of the head impact causing MTBI. All six third-generation surfaces had a > 10% risk of MTBI from a fall > 0.77 m; the inferior surfaces required a fall from just 0.46 m to have a 10% MTBI risk. Wetting the artificial turf did not produce a statistically significant improvement (P > 0.01). The in situ third-generation playing surface produced HIC values within the range of bedded-in experimental values. However, the natural turf pitch was the superior performer--necessitating fall heights exceeding those achievable during games to achieve HIC = 400.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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