Increasing dietary linoleic acid does not increase tissue arachidonic acid content in adults consuming Western-type diets: a systematic review
Rett BS, Whelan J
Nutrition & metabolism · 168 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Systematic review (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Mechanisms only
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
Based on 1 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2011-01-01 · Nutr Metab (Lond) · vol. 8 · issue 1 · p. 36
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
- Cited
- 210 citations · more than 76% of similar papers · 1.2× the field average
- References
- 59 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Fatty Acid Research and Health · Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress · Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Keywords
- Arachidonic acid, Linoleic acid, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Essential fatty acid, Phospholipid, Fatty acid, Biochemistry, Food science, CYP2C8, Biology, Chemistry, Endocrinology, Metabolism, Enzyme, CYP2C9
2 authors
From US
- Brian RettUniversity of Tennessee at Knoxville
- Jay Whelan · correspondingUniversity of Tennessee at Knoxville
Abstract
Background
Linoleic acid, with a DRI of 12-17 g/d, is the most highly consumed polyunsaturated fatty acid in the Western diet and is found in virtually all commonly consumed foods. The concern with dietary linoleic acid, being the metabolic precursor of arachidonic acid, is its consumption may enrich tissues with arachidonic acid and contribute to chronic and overproduction of bioactive eicosanoids. However, no systematic review of human trials regarding linoleic acid consumption and subsequent changes in tissue levels of arachidonic acid has been undertaken.
Objective
In this study, we reviewed the human literature that reported changes in dietary linoleic acid and its subsequent impact on changing tissue arachidonic acid in erythrocytes and plasma/serum phospholipids.
Design
We identified, reviewed, and evaluated all peer-reviewed published literature presenting data outlining changes in dietary linoleic acid in adult human clinical trials that reported changes in phospholipid fatty acid composition (specifically arachidonic acid) in plasma/serum and erythrocytes within the parameters of our inclusion/exclusion criteria.
Results
Decreasing dietary linoleic acid by up to 90% was not significantly correlated with changes in arachidonic acid levels in the phospholipid pool of plasma/serum (p = 0.39). Similarly, when dietary linoleic acid levels were increased up to six fold, no significant correlations with arachidonic acid levels were observed (p = 0.72). However, there was a positive relationship between dietary gamma-linolenic acid and dietary arachidonic acid on changes in arachidonic levels in plasma/serum phospholipids.
Conclusions
Our results do not support the concept that modifying current intakes of dietary linoleic acid has an effect on changing levels of arachidonic acid in plasma/serum or erythrocytes in adults consuming Western-type diets.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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