Funded in part by California Walnut Commission
Mechanistic examination of walnuts in prevention of breast cancer
Vanden Heuvel JP, Belda BJ, Hannon DB, Kris-Etherton PM, Grieger JA, Zhang J, Thompson JT
Nutrition and cancer · 30 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- In vitro/mechanistic study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People, plus animal or lab work
- Main outcome
- Mechanisms only
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Nonprofit
- American Institute for Cancer Research
- Industry group
- California Walnut Commission
Based on 2 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2012-10-01 · Nutr Cancer · vol. 64 · issue 7 · pp. 1078–1086
- Publisher
- Routledge
- Cited
- 47 citations · more than 89% of similar papers · 2.7× the field average
- References
- 45 works
- Access
- Paywalled
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Peanut Plant Research Studies · Coconut Research and Applications
- Keywords
- Transactivation, Breast cancer, Cell growth, Receptor, Cancer research, Nuclear receptor, Biology, Cancer, Internal medicine, Endocrinology, Biochemistry, Gene expression, Medicine, Gene, Transcription factor
- MeSH
- 3t3 cells, epithelial cells, animals, humans, mice, juglans, nuts, breast neoplasms, sitosterols, alpha-linolenic acid, plant oils, receptors, cytoplasmic and nuclear, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, plant extracts, anticarcinogenic agents, chemoprevention, cell proliferation, female, orphan nuclear receptors, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mcf-7 cells, liver x receptors
7 authors
From US
- John P. Vanden HeuvelPennsylvania State University
- Benjamin J. BeldaPennsylvania State University
- Dan B. HannonPennsylvania State University
- Penny M. Kris‐EthertonPennsylvania State University
- Jessica Anne GriegerPennsylvania State University
- Jun ZhangPennsylvania State University
Abstract
Walnuts contain bioactive molecules that may contribute to their beneficial effects, including alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and phytosterols. In these studies, extracts of walnut, purified compounds, or postprandial serum were examined for effects on breast cancer cell proliferation and gene expression. Extracts derived from walnut oil decreased proliferation of MCF-7 cells, as did ALA and β-sitosterol. The gene expression response of ALA in the mouse breast cancer cell line TM2H indicates this molecule has multiple cellular targets with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) target genes, liver X receptor (LXR), and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) target genes being affected. In transactivation assays, walnut oil extracts increased activity of FXR to a greater extent than the other tested nuclear receptors. When examined separately, walnut components ALA and β-sitosterol were the most efficacious activators of FXR. When serum from individuals fed walnut components were applied to MCF-7 cells, there was a correlation between body mass index and breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Taken together, these data support an effect of walnut and its bioactive constituents on mammary epithelial cells and that multiple molecular targets may be involved.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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