Isothiocyanate concentrations and interconversion of sulforaphane to erucin in human subjects after consumption of commercial frozen broccoli compared to fresh broccoli
Saha S, Hollands W, Teucher B, Needs PW, Narbad A, Ortori CA, Barrett DA, Rossiter JT, Mithen RF, Kroon PA
Molecular nutrition & food research · 94 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- No health outcome
- Intake measured by
- Food provided by researchers
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- Grants
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (42/D 20475); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/F/00044431); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/F/00044434); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/F/00044453); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (42/D1800); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/F/00044453); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/F/00041700); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/F/00044431); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/F/00044434)
Based on 1 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2012-10-27 · Mol Nutr Food Res · vol. 56 · issue 12 · pp. 1906–1916
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 127 citations · more than 95% of similar papers · 4.0× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 24 works
- Access
- Paywalled
- Research areas
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress · Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities · Garlic and Onion Studies
- Keywords
- Sulforaphane, Glucoraphanin, Myrosinase, Blanching, Chemistry, Bioavailability, Food science, Glucosinolate, Sinigrin, Asparagus, Isothiocyanate, Mercapturic acid, Urine, Brassica, Brassica oleracea, Biochemistry, Cysteine, Botany, Pharmacology, Enzyme, Medicine, Biology
- MeSH
- gastrointestinal tract, humans, brassica, sulfides, oximes, thiocyanates, imidoesters, isothiocyanates, sulfoxides, glycoside hydrolases, glucosinolates, anticarcinogenic agents, cross-over studies, biological availability, kinetics, freezing, food handling, adult, aged, middle aged, female, male, young adult, metagenome
10 authors
From GB
- Shikha SahaNorwich Research Park; Quadram Institute
- Wendy J. HollandsNorwich Research Park; Quadram Institute
- Birgit TeucherNorwich Research Park; Quadram Institute
- Paul W. NeedsNorwich Research Park; Quadram Institute
- Arjan NarbadNorwich Research Park; Quadram Institute
- Catharine A. OrtoriUniversity of Nottingham
Abstract
Scope
Sulforaphane (a potent anticarcinogenic isothiocyanate derived from glucoraphanin) is widely considered responsible for the protective effects of broccoli consumption. Broccoli is typically purchased fresh or frozen and cooked before consumption. We compared the bioavailability and metabolism of sulforaphane from portions of lightly cooked fresh or frozen broccoli, and investigated the bioconversion of sulforaphane to erucin.
Methods and results
Eighteen healthy volunteers consumed broccoli soups produced from fresh or frozen broccoli florets that had been lightly cooked and sulforaphane thio-conjugates quantified in plasma and urine. Sulforaphane bioavailability was about tenfold higher for the soups made from fresh compared to frozen broccoli, and the reduction was shown to be due to destruction of myrosinase activity by the commercial blanching-freezing process. Sulforaphane appeared in plasma and urine in its free form and as several thio-conjugates forms. Erucin N-acetyl-cysteine conjugate was a significant urinary metabolite, and it was shown that human gut microflora can produce sulforaphane, erucin, and their nitriles from glucoraphanin.
Conclusion
The short period of blanching used to produce commercial frozen broccoli destroys myrosinase and substantially reduces sulforaphane bioavailability. Sulforaphane was converted to erucin and excreted in urine, and it was shown that human colonic flora were capable of this conversion.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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