Association between water intake, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data
Sontrop JM, Dixon SN, Garg AX, Buendia-Jimenez I, Dohein O, Huang SH, Clark WF
American journal of nephrology · 133 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cross-sectional study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2013-01-01 · Am J Nephrol · vol. 37 · issue 5 · pp. 434–442
- Publisher
- Karger Publishers
- Cited
- 5884 citations · more than 100% of similar papers · 287.5× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 83 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC
- Research areas
- Sodium Intake and Health · Magnesium in Health and Disease · Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Keywords
- Medicine, Kidney disease, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Renal function, Odds ratio, Cross-sectional study, Confidence interval, Internal medicine, Population, Environmental health, Pathology
- MeSH
- humans, cardiovascular diseases, nutrition surveys, cross-sectional studies, drinking, adult, aged, aged, 80 and over, middle aged, united states, female, male, renal insufficiency, chronic, young adult
7 authors
From CA, FR
- Jessica M. SontropWestern University; London Health Sciences Centre
- Stephanie N. DixonWestern University; London Health Sciences Centre
- Amit X. GargWestern University; London Health Sciences Centre
- Inmaculada Buendia-JimenezDanone (France)
- Oriane DoheinDanone (France)
- Shih‐Han Susan HuangLondon Health Sciences Centre
Abstract
Background
Evidence from animal and human studies suggests a protective effect of higher water intake on kidney function and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here the associations between water intake, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CVD were examined in the general population.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Non-pregnant adults with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 ml/min/1.73 m(2) who were not taking diuretics were included. Total water intake from foods and beverages was categorized as low (4.3 l/day). We examined associations between low total water intake and CKD (eGFR 30-60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) and self-reported CVD.
Results
Of 3,427 adults (mean age 46 (range 20-84); mean eGFR 95 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (range 30-161)), 13% had CKD and 18% had CVD. CKD was higher among those with the lowest (4.3 l/day) (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91-6.96). When stratified by intake of (1) plain water and (2) other beverages, CKD was associated with low intake of plain water: adjusted OR 2.36 (95% CI 1.10-5.06), but not other beverages: adjusted OR 0.87 (95% CI 0.30-2.50). There was no association between low water intake and CVD (adjusted OR 0.76; 95% CI 0.37-1.59).
Conclusions
Our results provide additional evidence suggesting a potentially protective effect of higher total water intake, particularly plain water, on the kidney.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC).
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