Effects of walnuts on endothelial function in overweight adults with visceral obesity: a randomized, controlled, crossover trial
Katz DL, Davidhi A, Ma Y, Kavak Y, Bifulco L, Njike VY
Journal of the American College of Nutrition · 91 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2012-12-01 · J Am Coll Nutr · vol. 31 · issue 6 · pp. 415–423
- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- Cited
- 120 citations · more than 95% of similar papers · 4.4× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 41 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies · Peanut Plant Research Studies
- Keywords
- Medicine, Overweight, Crossover study, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Type 2 diabetes, Blood pressure, Population, Waist, Metabolic syndrome, Insulin resistance, Obesity, Randomized controlled trial, Brachial artery, Endocrinology, Placebo
- MeSH
- brachial artery, endothelium, vascular, humans, juglans, nuts, cardiovascular diseases, insulin, blood glucose, dietary fats, cross-over studies, single-blind method, vasodilation, adult, aged, middle aged, female, male, adiposity, overweight, obesity, abdominal, metabolic syndrome
6 authors
From US
- David L. Katz · correspondingYale Griffin Prevention Research Center
- Anna DavidhiGriffin Hospital
- Yingying MaGriffin Hospital
- Yasemin KavakGriffin Hospital
- Lauren BifulcoGriffin Hospital
- Valentine Yanchou NjikeGriffin Hospital
Abstract
Objectives
Metabolic syndrome is a precursor of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Walnut ingestion has been shown to reduce CVD risk indices in diabetes. This randomized controlled crossover trial was performed to investigate the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function and other biomarkers of cardiac risk in a population of overweight individuals with visceral adiposity.
Methods
Forty-six overweight adults (average age, 57.4 years; 28 women, 18 men) with elevated waist circumference and 1 or more additional signs of metabolic syndrome were randomly assigned to two 8-week sequences of walnut-enriched ad libitum diet and ad libitum diet without walnuts, which were separated by a 4-week washout period. The primary outcome measure was the change in flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Secondary measures included serum lipid panel, fasting glucose and insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance values, blood pressure, and anthropometric measures.
Results
FMD improved significantly from baseline when subjects consumed a walnut-enriched diet as compared with the control diet (1.4% ± 2.4% versus 0.3% ± 1.5%; p = 0.019). Beneficial trends in systolic blood pressure reduction were seen, and maintenance of the baseline anthropometric values was also observed. Other measures were unaltered.
Conclusion
Daily ingestion of 56 g of walnuts improves endothelial function in overweight adults with visceral adiposity. The addition of walnuts to the diet does not lead to weight gain. Further study of the potential role of walnut intake in diabetes and CVD prevention is warranted.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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