Plasma alkylresorcinol metabolites as biomarkers for whole-grain intake and their association with prostate cancer: a Swedish nested case-control study
Drake I, Sonestedt E, Gullberg B, Bjartell A, Olsson H, Adlercreutz H, Tikkanen MJ, Wirfält E, Wallström P
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 14 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- Lunds Universitet
Based on 1 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2013-11-12 · Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · vol. 23 · issue 1 · pp. 73–83
- Publisher
- American Association for Cancer Research
- Cited
- 26 citations · more than 74% of similar papers · 0.9× the field average
- References
- 40 works
- Access
- Paywalled
- Research areas
- Food composition and properties · Phytoestrogen effects and research · Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Keywords
- Prostate cancer, Confounding, Nested case-control study, Metabolite, Internal medicine, Case-control study, Confidence interval, Medicine, Cancer, Odds ratio, Logistic regression, Oncology, Physiology, Endocrinology
- MeSH
- humans, prostatic neoplasms, resorcinols, diet, logistic models, case-control studies, cohort studies, prospective studies, dietary fiber, aged, middle aged, sweden, male, surveys and questionnaires, edible grain, biomarkers, tumor
9 authors
From FI, SE
- Isabel DrakeUniversity of Helsinki; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital
- Emily SonestedtUniversity of Helsinki; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital
- Bo GullbergUniversity of Helsinki; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital
- Anders S BjartellUniversity of Helsinki; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital
- Hakan Lars OlssonUniversity of Helsinki; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital
- Herman AdlercreutzUniversity of Helsinki; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital
Abstract
Background
Observational studies have mostly found no association between self-reported whole-grain intake and prostate cancer. Plasma alkylresorcinol metabolites have been suggested as biomarkers for whole-grain intake in free-living populations.
Methods
We investigated the major dietary and lifestyle determinants of plasma alkylresorcinol metabolites in a nested case-control study (1,016 cases and 1,817 controls) in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Multivariate adjusted ORs and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated to assess the association between plasma alkylresorcinol metabolites and prostate cancer using logistic regression.
Results
Whole-grain intake, waist circumference, educational level, and smoking status were the main determinants of alkylresorcinol metabolites. We observed significant correlations between alkylresorcinol metabolites and whole-grain (r = 0.31) and fiber (r = 0.27) intake. Metabolite concentration was positively associated with prostate cancer risk (Poverall effect = 0.0004) but the association was not linear (P = 0.04). The lowest risk was seen among men with moderate plasma concentrations. The OR for high compared with moderate plasma alkylresorcinol metabolites was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.10-1.80) for prostate cancer.
Conclusions
Results suggest that plasma alkylresorcinol metabolites are mainly determined by whole-grain intake in this nested case-control study of Swedish men. The increased risk of prostate cancer seen among men with high plasma alkylresorcinol metabolites requires further study, but residual confounding, detection bias, or competing risks of nonprostate cancer-related deaths are plausible explanations that could not be ruled out.
Impact
We found no evidence of a protective effect of whole grains on incident prostate cancer. Further validation of alkylresorcinol metabolites as a biomarker for whole-grain intake is needed.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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