Association of nut consumption with total and cause-specific mortality
Bao Y, Han J, Hu FB, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Fuchs CS
The New England journal of medicine · 235 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Government
- National Cancer Institute
- Government
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Government
- NCI NIH HHS
- Government
- NHLBI NIH HHS
- Government
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Cancer Institute (U54CA155626); National Cancer Institute (P01 CA055075.); National Cancer Institute (1U54 CA155626-01); National Cancer Institute (P01 CA087969); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T-32 DK 007703); National Cancer Institute (R01CA124908); National Cancer Institute (UM1-CA-167552); National Cancer Institute (P50-CA127003); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 HL060712); National Cancer Institute ([P01 CA87969); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL60712)
Based on 6 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2013-11-20 · N Engl J Med · vol. 369 · issue 21 · pp. 2001–2011
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Cited
- 363 citations · more than 100% of similar papers · 26.6× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 42 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Peanut Plant Research Studies · Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Keywords
- Medicine, Nut, Hazard ratio, Confidence interval, Diabetes mellitus, Stroke (engine), Demography, Consumption (sociology), Internal medicine, Endocrinology
- MeSH
- humans, nuts, neoplasms, respiratory tract diseases, heart diseases, diet, diet surveys, mortality, cause of death, multivariate analysis, proportional hazards models, cohort studies, life style, aged, middle aged, female, male, surveys and questionnaires, confounding factors, epidemiologic
7 authors
From US
- Ying BaoIndiana University Health; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Woman's Hospital; Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
- Jiali HanIndiana University Health; Indiana University Indianapolis; Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
- Frank B. HuBrigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard University
- Edward L. GiovannucciBrigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard University
- Meir J. StampferBrigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard University
- Walter Churchill WillettBrigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard University
Abstract
Background
Increased nut consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of major chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the association between nut consumption and mortality remains unclear.
Methods
We examined the association between nut consumption and subsequent total and cause-specific mortality among 76,464 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1980-2010) and 42,498 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2010). Participants with a history of cancer, heart disease, or stroke were excluded. Nut consumption was assessed at baseline and updated every 2 to 4 years.
Results
During 3,038,853 person-years of follow-up, 16,200 women and 11,229 men died. Nut consumption was inversely associated with total mortality among both women and men, after adjustment for other known or suspected risk factors. The pooled multivariate hazard ratios for death among participants who ate nuts, as compared with those who did not, were 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 0.96) for the consumption of nuts less than once per week, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86 to 0.93) for once per week, 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83 to 0.90) for two to four times per week, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.91) for five or six times per week, and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.86) for seven or more times per week (P<0.001 for trend). Significant inverse associations were also observed between nut consumption and deaths due to cancer, heart disease, and respiratory disease.
Conclusions
In two large, independent cohorts of nurses and other health professionals, the frequency of nut consumption was inversely associated with total and cause-specific mortality, independently of other predictors of death. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research and Education Foundation.).
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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