Effect of lowering the glycemic load with canola oil on glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors: a randomized controlled trial
Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Vuksan V, Faulkner D, Augustin LS, Mitchell S, Ireland C, Srichaikul K, Mirrahimi A, Chiavaroli L, Blanco Mejia S, Nishi S, Sahye-Pudaruth S, Patel D, Bashyam B, Vidgen E, de Souza RJ, Sievenpiper JL, Coveney J, Josse RG, Leiter LA
Diabetes care · 68 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Food provided by researchers
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2014-06-12 · Diabetes Care · vol. 37 · issue 7 · pp. 1806–1814
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Cited
- 98 citations · more than 96% of similar papers · 5.6× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 39 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy) · CC-BY-NC-ND
- Research areas
- Fatty Acid Research and Health · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Coconut Research and Applications
- Keywords
- Medicine, Glycemic, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes, Glycemic load, Randomized controlled trial, Glycemic index, Canola, Framingham Risk Score, Blood pressure, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Food science, Disease
- MeSH
- humans, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, type 2, blood glucose, fatty acids, monounsaturated, hypoglycemic agents, diet, risk factors, energy intake, blood pressure, aged, middle aged, canada, female, male, edible grain, rapeseed oil
21 authors
From CA
- David J.A. JenkinsSt. Michael's Hospital; University of Toronto
- Cyril W.C. KendallSt. Michael's Hospital; University of Toronto; University of Saskatchewan
- Vladimir V.V. VuksanSt. Michael's Hospital; University of Toronto
- Dorothea A. FaulknerSt. Michael's Hospital; University of Toronto
- Livia S. A. AugustinSt. Michael's Hospital
- Sandra A. MitchellSt. Michael's Hospital; University of Toronto
Abstract
Objective
Despite their independent cardiovascular disease (CVD) advantages, effects of α-linolenic acid (ALA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and low-glycemic-load (GL) diets have not been assessed in combination. We therefore determined the combined effect of ALA, MUFA, and low GL on glycemic control and CVD risk factors in type 2 diabetes.
Research design and methods
The study was a parallel design, randomized trial wherein each 3-month treatment was conducted in a Canadian academic center between March 2011 and September 2012 and involved 141 participants with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 6.5%-8.5% [48-69 mmol/mol]) treated with oral antihyperglycemic agents. Participants were provided with dietary advice on either a low-GL diet with ALA and MUFA given as a canola oil-enriched bread supplement (31 g canola oil per 2,000 kcal) (test) or a whole-grain diet with a whole-wheat bread supplement (control). The primary outcome was HbA1c change. Secondary outcomes included calculated Framingham CVD risk score and reactive hyperemia index (RHI) ratio.
Results
Seventy-nine percent of the test group and 90% of the control group completed the trial. The test diet reduction in HbA1c units of -0.47% (-5.15 mmol/mol) (95% CI -0.54% to -0.40% [-5.92 to -4.38 mmol/mol]) was greater than that for the control diet (-0.31% [-3.44 mmol/mol] [95% CI -0.38% to -0.25% (-4.17 to -2.71 mmol/mol)], P = 0.002), with the greatest benefit observed in those with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP). Greater reductions were seen in CVD risk score for the test diet, whereas the RHI ratio increased for the control diet.
Conclusions
A canola oil-enriched low-GL diet improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes, particularly in participants with raised SBP, whereas whole grains improved vascular reactivity.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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