Coffee, tea, caffeine and risk of depression: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies
Grosso G, Micek A, Castellano S, Pajak A, Galvano F
Molecular nutrition & food research · 168 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2015-10-31 · Mol Nutr Food Res · vol. 60 · issue 1 · pp. 223–234
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 235 citations · more than 85% of similar papers · 1.7× the field average
- References
- 35 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy) · CC-BY-NC-ND
- Research areas
- Coffee research and impacts · Tea Polyphenols and Effects · Heavy Metals in Plants
- Keywords
- Caffeine, Medicine, Meta-analysis, Depression (economics), Confidence interval, Relative risk, Observational study, Odds ratio, Internal medicine, Publication bias, Subgroup analysis, Lower risk
- MeSH
- humans, caffeine, risk factors, depression, dose-response relationship, drug, coffee, tea, databases, factual, observational studies as topic
5 authors
From IT, PL
- Giuseppe Grosso · correspondingUniversity of Catania
- Agnieszka MicekJagiellonian University
- Sabrina CastellanoUniversity of Catania
- Andzrej PajakJagiellonian University
- Fabio GalvanoUniversity of Catania
Abstract
Scope
The aim of the study was to systematically review and analyze results from observational studies on coffee, caffeine, and tea consumption and association or risk of depression.
Methods and results
Embase and PubMed databases were searched from inception to June 2015 for observational studies reporting the odds ratios or relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of depression by coffee/tea/caffeine consumption. Random effects models, subgroup analyses, and dose-response analyses were performed. Twelve studies with 23 datasets were included in the meta-analysis, accounting for a total of 346 913 individuals and 8146 cases of depression. Compared to individuals with lower coffee consumption, those with higher intakes had pooled RR of depression of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.91). Dose-response effect suggests a nonlinear J-shaped relation between coffee consumption and risk of depression with a peak of protective effect for 400 mL/day. A borderline nonsignificant association between tea consumption and risk of depression was found (RR 0.70, 95% CI: 0.48, 1.01), while significant results were found only for analysis of prospective studies regarding caffeine consumption (RR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.93).
Conclusion
This study suggests a protective effect of coffee and, partially, of tea and caffeine on risk of depression.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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