Sulforaphane Bioavailability from Glucoraphanin-Rich Broccoli: Control by Active Endogenous Myrosinase
Fahey JW, Holtzclaw WD, Wehage SL, Wade KL, Stephenson KK, Talalay P
PloS one · 120 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Controlled clinical trial (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- No health outcome
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Possibly industry funded
- Nonprofit
- Lewis B. and Dorothy Cullman Foundation
Based on 1 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2015-11-02 · PLoS One · vol. 10 · issue 11 · p. e0140963
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science
- Cited
- 176 citations · more than 97% of similar papers · 5.7× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 32 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress · Curcumin's Biomedical Applications · Free Radicals and Antioxidants
- Keywords
- Glucoraphanin, Sulforaphane, Myrosinase, Glucosinolate, Bioavailability, Chemistry, Isothiocyanate, Food science, Brassica, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Botany, Medicine, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, brassica, seeds, oximes, imidoesters, isothiocyanates, sulfoxides, glycoside hydrolases, glucosinolates, plant extracts, drug delivery systems, biological availability, dietary supplements, adult, middle aged, female, male, seedlings
6 authors
From US
- Jed W. Fahey · correspondingJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Walter David HoltzclawJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Scott L. WehageJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Kristina L. WadeJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Katherine K. StephensonJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Paul TalalayJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
Abstract
Glucoraphanin from broccoli and its sprouts and seeds is a water soluble and relatively inert precursor of sulforaphane, the reactive isothiocyanate that potently inhibits neoplastic cellular processes and prevents a number of disease states. Sulforaphane is difficult to deliver in an enriched and stable form for purposes of direct human consumption. We have focused upon evaluating the bioavailability of sulforaphane, either by direct administration of glucoraphanin (a glucosinolate, or β-thioglucoside-N-hydroxysulfate), or by co-administering glucoraphanin and the enzyme myrosinase to catalyze its conversion to sulforaphane at economic, reproducible and sustainable yields. We show that following administration of glucoraphanin in a commercially prepared dietary supplement to a small number of human volunteers, the volunteers had equivalent output of sulforaphane metabolites in their urine to that which they produced when given an equimolar dose of glucoraphanin in a simple boiled and lyophilized extract of broccoli sprouts. Furthermore, when either broccoli sprouts or seeds are administered directly to subjects without prior extraction and consequent inactivation of endogenous myrosinase, regardless of the delivery matrix or dose, the sulforaphane in those preparations is 3- to 4-fold more bioavailable than sulforaphane from glucoraphanin delivered without active plant myrosinase. These data expand upon earlier reports of inter- and intra-individual variability, when glucoraphanin was delivered in either teas, juices, or gelatin capsules, and they confirm that a variety of delivery matrices may be equally suitable for glucoraphanin supplementation (e.g. fruit juices, water, or various types of capsules and tablets).
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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