Dietary nitrate improves vascular function in patients with hypercholesterolemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Velmurugan S, Gan JM, Rathod KS, Khambata RS, Ghosh SM, Hartley A, Van Eijl S, Sagi-Kiss V, Chowdhury TA, Curtis M, Kuhnle GG, Wade WG, Ahluwalia A
The American journal of clinical nutrition · 231 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Nonprofit
- British Heart Foundation
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- Medical Research Council
- Government
- Medical Research Council 4-y Master of Research/PhD
- Government
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
- Nonprofit
- British Heart Foundation Clinical PhD Fellowship
- Nonprofit
- British Heart Foundation Project Grant
- Grants
- British Heart Foundation (FS/11/41/28749); National Institute for Health and Care Research (DRF-2014-07-008)
Based on 8 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2015-11-25 · Am J Clin Nutr · vol. 103 · issue 1 · pp. 25–38
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Cited
- 290 citations · more than 99% of similar papers · 9.9× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 69 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects · Dental Erosion and Treatment · Dye analysis and toxicity
- Keywords
- Placebo, Nitrate, Medicine, Internal medicine, Pulse wave velocity, Clinical endpoint, Adverse effect, Randomized controlled trial, Blood pressure, Chemistry, Pathology
- MeSH
- mouth mucosa, blood platelets, monocytes, saliva, humans, bacteria, beta vulgaris, vegetables, hypercholesterolemia, nitrates, nitrites, p-selectin, diet, double-blind method, vasodilation, adult, middle aged, female, male, atherosclerosis
13 authors
From GB, MM
- Shanti VelmuruganNational Institute for Health and Care Research; William Harvey Research Institute
- Jasmine Ming GanWilliam Harvey Research Institute
- Krishnaraj Sinhji RathodNational Institute for Health and Care Research; William Harvey Research Institute
- Rayomand S. KhambataNational Institute for Health and Care Research; William Harvey Research Institute
- Suborno M. GhoshNational Institute for Health and Care Research; William Harvey Research Institute
- Amy HartleyNational Institute for Health and Care Research; William Harvey Research Institute
Abstract
Background
The beneficial cardiovascular effects of vegetables may be underpinned by their high inorganic nitrate content.
Objective
We sought to examine the effects of a 6-wk once-daily intake of dietary nitrate (nitrate-rich beetroot juice) compared with placebo intake (nitrate-depleted beetroot juice) on vascular and platelet function in untreated hypercholesterolemics.
Design
A total of 69 subjects were recruited in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel study. The primary endpoint was the change in vascular function determined with the use of ultrasound flow-mediated dilatation (FMD).
Results
Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups, with primary outcome data available for 67 patients. Dietary nitrate resulted in an absolute increase in the FMD response of 1.1% (an ∼24% improvement from baseline) with a worsening of 0.3% in the placebo group (P 1% of this change, with the proportions of Rothia mucilaginosa trending to increase and Neisseria flavescens (P < 0.01) increased after nitrate treatment relative to after placebo treatment.
Conclusions
Sustained dietary nitrate ingestion improves vascular function in hypercholesterolemic patients. These changes are associated with alterations in the oral microbiome and, in particular, nitrate-reducing genera. Our findings provide additional support for the assessment of the potential of dietary nitrate as a preventative strategy against atherogenesis in larger cohorts. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01493752.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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