The Role of Energy, Nutrients, Foods, and Dietary Patterns in the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Schoenaker DA, Mishra GD, Callaway LK, Soedamah-Muthu SS
Diabetes care · 164 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Systematic review (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2015-12-14 · Diabetes Care · vol. 39 · issue 1 · pp. 16–23
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Cited
- 208 citations · more than 94% of similar papers · 3.0× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 76 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy)
- Research areas
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management · Birth, Development, and Health · Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Keywords
- Medicine, Gestational diabetes, Observational study, Confounding, Cohort study, Refined grains, Prospective cohort study, Diabetes mellitus, Environmental health, Pregnancy, Systematic review, MEDLINE, Gestation, Food science, Internal medicine, Whole grains, Endocrinology, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, fruit, vegetables, diabetes, gestational, dietary fats, cholesterol, dietary, diet, risk factors, prospective studies, cross-sectional studies, feeding behavior, energy intake, pregnancy, meat, female
4 authors
From AU, NL
- Danielle A. J. M. Schoenaker · correspondingThe University of Queensland
- Gita Devi MishraThe University of Queensland
- Leonie Kaye CallawayThe University of Queensland; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
- Sabita S. Soedamah‐MuthuWageningen University & Research
Abstract
Objective
Diet may influence the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but inconsistent findings have been reported. The purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence from observational studies on the associations between dietary factors and GDM.
Research design and methods
Medline and Embase were searched for articles published until January 2015. We included observational studies of reproductive-aged women that reported on associations of maternal dietary intake before or during pregnancy, including energy, nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns, with GDM. All relevant results were extracted from each article. The number of comparable studies that adjusted for confounders was insufficient to perform a meta-analysis.
Results
The systematic review included 34 articles comprising 21 individual studies (10 prospective cohort, 6 cross-sectional, and 5 case-control). A limited number of prospective cohort studies adjusting for confounders indicated associations with a higher risk of GDM for replacing 1-5% of energy from carbohydrates with fat and for high consumption of cholesterol (≥300 mg/day), heme iron (≥1.1 mg/day), red and processed meat (increment of 1 serving/day), and eggs (≥7 per week). A dietary pattern rich in fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and fish and low in red and processed meat, refined grains, and high-fat dairy was found to be beneficial. The current evidence is based on a limited number of studies that are heterogeneous in design, exposure, and outcome measures.
Conclusions
The findings support current dietary guidelines to limit consumption of foods containing saturated fat and cholesterol, such as processed meat and eggs, as part of an overall balanced diet. Further large prospective studies are warranted.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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