Determinants of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in Finnish children: the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study
Soininen S, Eloranta AM, Lindi V, Venäläinen T, Zaproudina N, Mahonen A, Lakka TA
The British journal of nutrition · 42 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Cross-sectional study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- Kela
- Nonprofit
- Suomen Kulttuurirahasto
- Nonprofit
- Juho Vainion Säätiö
- Nonprofit
- Paavo Nurmen Säätiö
Based on 4 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2016-02-03 · Br J Nutr · vol. 115 · issue 6 · pp. 1080–1091
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Cited
- 57 citations · more than 98% of similar papers · 7.8× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 46 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Vitamin D Research Studies · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- Vitamin D and neurology, Medicine, Logistic regression, Population, vitamin D deficiency, Vitamin, Internal medicine, Animal science, Endocrinology, Environmental health, Biology
- MeSH
- milk, animals, humans, vitamin d deficiency, calcifediol, 25-hydroxyvitamin d 2, vitamin d, diet, nutrition surveys, risk factors, motor activity, life style, seasons, dairy products, dietary supplements, food, fortified, child, diet records, finland, female, male, child nutritional physiological phenomena
7 authors
From FI
- Sonja Soininen · correspondingUniversity of Eastern Finland
- Aino‐Maija ElorantaUniversity of Eastern Finland
- Virpi LindiUniversity of Eastern Finland
- Taisa M VenäläinenUniversity of Eastern Finland
- Nina ZaproudinaUniversity of Eastern Finland
- Anitta MahonenUniversity of Eastern Finland
Abstract
We studied vitamin D intake, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) concentration, determinants of S-25(OH)D and risk factors for S-25(OH)D <50 nmol/l in a population sample of Finnish children. We studied 184 girls and 190 boys aged 6-8 years, analysed S-25(OH)D by chemiluminescence immunoassay and assessed diet quality using 4-d food records and other lifestyle factors by questionnaires. We analysed the determinants of S-25(OH)D using linear regression and risk factors for S-25(OH)D <50 nmol/l using logistic regression. Mean dietary intake of vitamin D was 5·9 (sd 2·1) µg/d. Altogether, 40·8 % of children used no vitamin D supplements. Of all children, 82·4 % did not meet the recommended total vitamin D intake of 10 µg/d. Milk fortified with vitamin D was the main dietary source of vitamin D, providing 48·7 % of daily intake. S-25(OH)D was <50 nmol/l in 19·5 % of children. Consumption of milk products was the main determinant of S-25(OH)D in all children (standardised regression coefficient β=0·262; P<0·001), girls (β=0·214; P=0·009) and boys (β=0·257; P=0·003) in multivariable models. Vitamin D intake from supplements (β=0·171; P=0·035) and age (β=-0·198; P=0·015) were associated with S-25(OH)D in girls. Children who drank ≥450 g/d of milk, spent ≥2·2 h/d in physical activity, had ≥13·1 h/d of daylight time or were examined in autumn had reduced risk for S-25(OH)D <50 nmol/l. Insufficient vitamin D intake was common among Finnish children, one-fifth of whom had S-25(OH)D <50 nmol/l. More attention should be paid to the sufficient intake of vitamin D from food and supplements, especially among children who do not use fortified milk products.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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