Nut consumption and total and cause-specific mortality: results from the Golestan Cohort Study
Eslamparast T, Sharafkhah M, Poustchi H, Hashemian M, Dawsey SM, Freedman ND, Boffetta P, Abnet CC, Etemadi A, Pourshams A, Malekshah AF, Islami F, Kamangar F, Merat S, Brennan P, Hekmatdoost A, Malekzadeh R
International journal of epidemiology · 40 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Food frequency questionnaire
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- World Health Organization
- Nonprofit
- Cancer Research UK
- University or hospital
- University of Tehran
- University or hospital
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- National Cancer Institute
Based on 6 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2016-03-05 · Int J Epidemiol · vol. 46 · issue 1 · p. dyv365
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Cited
- 53 citations · more than 97% of similar papers · 6.5× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 44 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy)
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Oral Health Pathology and Treatment · Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- Medicine, Hazard ratio, Nut, Confidence interval, Demography, Cohort study, Prospective cohort study, Socioeconomic status, Cohort, Epidemiology, Consumption (sociology), Population, Environmental health, Multivariate analysis, Gerontology, Internal medicine
- MeSH
- humans, nuts, neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, diet, mortality, multivariate analysis, proportional hazards models, risk factors, cohort studies, life style, adult, aged, aged, 80 and over, middle aged, iran, female, male, surveys and questionnaires
17 authors
From IR, US, FR, CA
- Tannaz EslamparastTehran University of Medical Sciences
- Maryam SharafkhahTehran University of Medical Sciences
- Hossein PoustchiTehran University of Medical Sciences
- Maryam HashemianTehran University of Medical Sciences
- Sanford M. DawseyNational Cancer Institute; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
- Neal D. FreedmanNational Cancer Institute; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
Abstract
Background
A number of prospective studies have observed inverse associations between nut consumption and chronic diseases. However, these studies have predominantly been conducted in Western countries, where nut consumption tends to be more common among individuals with healthier lifestyles. It is important to examine the association in other parts of the world, and particularly among populations with different patterns of disease, socioeconomic status, lifestyles and disease risk factors. Our objective was to examine the association between nut consumption and mortality in a population whose nut consumption does not track with a healthy lifestyle.
Methods
We examined the association between nut consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the 50 045 participants of the Golestan Cohort Study. Participants were aged 40 and older at baseline in 2004, and have been actively followed since that time. Dietary data were collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire that was administered at baseline.
Results
During 349 677 person-years of follow-up, 3981 cohort participants died, including 1732 women and 2249 men. Nut consumption was associated inversely with all-cause mortality. The pooled multivariate adjusted hazard ratios for death among participants who ate nuts, as compared with those who did not, were 0.89 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.82-0.95] for the consumption of less than one serving of nuts per week, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.67-0.85) for one to less than three servings per week and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.58-0.86) for three or more servings per week ( P < 0.001 for trend). Among specific causes, significant inverse associations were observed between nut consumption and deaths due to cardiovascular disease, all cancers and gastrointestinal cancers.
Conclusions
This study provides evidence for an inverse association between nut consumption and mortality in a developing country, where nut consumption does not track with a healthy lifestyle. Further work is needed to establish the underlying mechanisms responsible for this association.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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