Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trials
Zhang X, Li Y, Del Gobbo LC, Rosanoff A, Wang J, Zhang W, Song Y
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 161 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2016-07-12 · Hypertension · vol. 68 · issue 2 · pp. 324–333
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Cited
- 250 citations · more than 100% of similar papers · 16.7× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 44 works
- Access
- Paywalled
- Research areas
- Magnesium in Health and Disease · Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- Medicine, Confidence interval, Blood pressure, Placebo, Internal medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Meta-analysis, Diastole, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology
- MeSH
- humans, hypertension, magnesium, antihypertensive agents, blood pressure determination, blood pressure, dietary supplements, randomized controlled trials as topic
7 authors
From JP, CA, US
- Xi ZhangFukushima Medical University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; McGill University; Stanford University
- Yufeng LiFukushima Medical University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; McGill University; Stanford University
- Liana C. Del GobboFukushima Medical University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; McGill University; Stanford University
- Andrea RosanoffFukushima Medical University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; McGill University; Stanford University
- Jiawei WangFukushima Medical University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; McGill University; Stanford University
- Wen ZhangFukushima Medical University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; McGill University; Stanford University
Abstract
The antihypertensive effect of magnesium (Mg) supplementation remains controversial. We aimed to quantify the effect of oral Mg supplementation on blood pressure (BP) by synthesizing available evidence from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. We searched trials of Mg supplementation on normotensive and hypertensive adults published up to February 1, 2016 from MEDLINE and EMBASE databases; 34 trials involving 2028 participants were eligible for this meta-analysis. Weighted mean differences of changes in BP and serum Mg were calculated by random-effects meta-analysis. Mg supplementation at a median dose of 368 mg/d for a median duration of 3 months significantly reduced systolic BP by 2.00 mm Hg (95% confidence interval, 0.43-3.58) and diastolic BP by 1.78 mm Hg (95% confidence interval, 0.73-2.82); these reductions were accompanied by 0.05 mmol/L (95% confidence interval, 0.03, 0.07) elevation of serum Mg compared with placebo. Using a restricted cubic spline curve, we found that Mg supplementation with a dose of 300 mg/d or duration of 1 month is sufficient to elevate serum Mg and reduce BP; and serum Mg was negatively associated with diastolic BP but not systolic BP (all P<0.05). In the stratified analyses, a greater reduction in BP tended to be found in trials with high quality or low dropout rate (all P values for interaction <0.05). However, residual heterogeneity may still exist after considering these possible factors. Our findings indicate a causal effect of Mg supplementation on lowering BPs in adults. Further well-designed trials are warranted to validate the BP-lowering efficacy of optimal Mg treatment.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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