Desire to Drink Alcohol is Enhanced with High Caffeine Energy Drink Mixers
Marczinski CA, Fillmore MT, Stamates AL, Maloney SF
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 28 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- No health outcome
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- Government
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
- Government
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- Government
- NIAAA NIH HHS
- Government
- NIGMS NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R15 AA019795); National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM103436); National Institutes of Health (AA019795); National Institutes of Health (GM103436)
Based on 7 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2016-07-15 · Alcohol Clin Exp Res · vol. 40 · issue 9 · pp. 1982–1990
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 43 citations · more than 96% of similar papers · 6.3× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 59 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy)
- Research areas
- Coffee research and impacts · Wine Industry and Tourism · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- Alcohol, Caffeine, Binge drinking, Unit of alcohol, Placebo, Soft drink, Alcohol consumption, Medicine, Psychology, Food science, Chemistry, Psychiatry
- MeSH
- humans, caffeine, alcohol drinking, motivation, alcoholic beverages, adult, female, male, young adult, energy drinks, craving, surveys and questionnaires
4 authors
From US
- Cécile A. Marczinski · correspondingNorthern Kentucky University
- Mark T. FillmoreUniversity of Kentucky
- Amy L. StamatesNorthern Kentucky University
- Sarah F. MaloneyNorthern Kentucky University
Abstract
Background
Consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) has been associated with a variety of risks beyond that observed with alcohol alone. Consumers of AmED beverages are more likely to engage in heavy episodic (binge) drinking. This study was to investigate whether the consumption of high caffeine energy drink mixers with alcohol would increase the desire to drink alcohol compared to the same amount of alcohol alone using a double-blind, within-subjects, placebo-controlled study design.
Methods
Participants (n = 26) of equal gender who were social drinkers attended 6 double-blind dose administration sessions that involved consumption of alcohol and energy drinks, alone and in combination. On each test day, participants received 1 of 6 possible doses: (i) 1.21 ml/kg vodka + 3.63 ml/kg decaffeinated soft drink, (ii) 1.21 ml/kg vodka + 3.63 ml/kg energy drink, (iii) 1.21 ml/kg vodka + 6.05 ml/kg energy drink, (iv) 3.63 ml/kg decaffeinated soft drink, (v) 3.63 ml/kg energy drink, and (vi) 6.05 ml/kg energy drink. Following dose administration, participants repeatedly completed self-reported ratings on the Desire-for-Drug questionnaire and provided breath alcohol readings.
Results
Alcohol alone increased the subjective ratings of "desire for more alcohol" compared to placebo doses. Energy drink mixers with the alcohol increased desire for more alcohol ratings beyond that observed with alcohol alone.
Conclusions
This study provides laboratory evidence that AmED beverages lead to greater desire to drink alcohol versus the same amount of alcohol consumed alone. The findings are consistent with results from animal studies indicating that caffeine increases the rewarding and reinforcing properties of alcohol.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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