Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Smartphone Addiction
Lin YH, Chiang CL, Lin PH, Chang LR, Ko CH, Lee YH, Lin SH
PloS one · 114 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Cross-sectional study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- National Taiwan University Hospital
- University or hospital
- National Taiwan University
Based on 2 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2016-11-15 · PLoS One · vol. 11 · issue 11 · p. e0163010
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science
- Cited
- 310 citations · more than 100% of similar papers · 42.9× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 31 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Impact of Technology on Adolescents · Workaholism, burnout, and well-being · Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Keywords
- smartphone addiction, diagnostic criteria, functional disability, impaired control, university students, diagnostic accuracy, symptom criteria, exclusion criteria, substance-related and addictive disorders
- MeSH
- humans, logistic models, behavior, addictive, models, psychological, female, male, young adult, smartphone
7 authors
From TW, US
- Yu‐Hsuan LinNational Taiwan University Hospital
- C. Nora ChiangShin Kong WHS Memorial Hospital
- Po‐Hsien LinKoo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center
- Li‐Ren ChangNational Taiwan University
- Chih‐Hung KoKaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital
- Yang-Han LeeTamkang University
Abstract
Background
Global smartphone penetration has led to unprecedented addictive behaviors. The aims of this study are to develop diagnostic criteria of smartphone addiction and to examine the discriminative ability and the validity of the diagnostic criteria.
Methods
We developed twelve candidate criteria for characteristic symptoms of smartphone addiction and four criteria for functional impairment caused by excessive smartphone use. The participants consisted of 281 college students. Each participant was systematically assessed for smartphone-using behaviors by psychiatrist's structured diagnostic interview. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the candidate symptom criteria were analyzed with reference to the psychiatrists' clinical global impression. The optimal model selection with its cutoff point of the diagnostic criteria differentiating the smartphone addicted subjects from non-addicted subjects was then determined by the best diagnostic accuracy.
Results
Six symptom criteria model with optimal cutoff point were determined based on the maximal diagnostic accuracy. The proposed smartphone addiction diagnostic criteria consisted of (1) six symptom criteria, (2) four functional impairment criteria and (3) exclusion criteria. Setting three symptom criteria as the cutoff point resulted in the highest diagnostic accuracy (84.3%), while the sensitivity and specificity were 79.4% and 87.5%, respectively. We suggested determining the functional impairment by two or more of the four domains considering the high accessibility and penetration of smartphone use.
Conclusion
The diagnostic criteria of smartphone addiction demonstrated the core symptoms "impaired control" paralleled with substance related and addictive disorders. The functional impairment involved multiple domains provide a strict standard for clinical assessment.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
Community trust
Loading…
How much do you trust this study's findings?
Comments
Sign in to rate, comment on or flag this study.Sign inSomething wrong here?
Flag this study if its information, labels or funding look wrong. An editor reviews every flag.
Sign in to rate, comment on or flag this study.Sign inEducational information about published research. Not medical advice, and not a recommendation to start or stop anything.