The Effects of Moderate Whole Grain Consumption on Fasting Glucose and Lipids, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, and Microbiota
Cooper DN, Kable ME, Marco ML, De Leon A, Rust B, Baker JE, Horn W, Burnett D, Keim NL
Nutrients · 45 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Food diaries or recalls
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2017-02-21 · Nutrients · vol. 9 · issue 2 · p. 173
- Publisher
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Cited
- 65 citations · more than 93% of similar papers · 3.4× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 96 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Diet and metabolism studies · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Food composition and properties
- Keywords
- Medicine, Feces, Cholesterol, High-density lipoprotein, Whole grains, Blood lipids, Lipoprotein, Defecation, Internal medicine, Animal science, Food science, Gastroenterology, Physiology, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, bacteria, triticum, zea mays, gastrointestinal diseases, diarrhea, cholesterol, blood glucose, lipids, triglycerides, diet, fasting, feeding behavior, body composition, defecation, food handling, adult, female, male, young adult, oryza, gastrointestinal microbiome, whole grains
9 authors
From US
- Danielle CooperUniversity of California, Davis
- Mary E. KableWest Health; Western Human Nutrition Research Center
- Maria L. MarcoUniversity of California, Davis
- Angela De LeonUniversity of California, Davis
- BRET M. RUSTWest Health; Western Human Nutrition Research Center; University of California, Davis
- Julita E BakerUniversity of California, Davis
Abstract
This study was designed to determine if providing wheat, corn, and rice as whole (WG) or refined grains (RG) under free-living conditions will change parameters of health over a six-week intervention in healthy, habitual non-WG consumers. Measurements of body composition, fecal microbiota, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides were made at baseline and post intervention. Subjects were given adequate servings of either WG or RG products based on their caloric need and asked to keep records of grain consumption, bowel movements, and GI symptoms weekly. After six weeks, subjects repeated baseline testing. Significant decreases in total, LDL, and non-HDL cholesterol were seen after the WG treatments but were not observed in the RG treatment. During Week 6, bowel movement frequency increased with increased WG consumption. No significant differences in microbiota were seen between baseline and post intervention, although, abundance of order Erysipelotrichales increased in RG subjects who ate more than 50% of the RG market basket products. Increasing consumption of WGs can alter parameters of health, but more research is needed to better elucidate the relationship between the amount consumed and the health-related outcome.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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