Standardized serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are inversely associated with cardiometabolic disease in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES, 2001-2010
Al-Khalidi B, Kimball SM, Rotondi MA, Ardern CI
Nutrition journal · 45 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Cross-sectional study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2017-02-27 · Nutr J · vol. 16 · issue 1 · p. 16
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
- Cited
- 63 citations · more than 97% of similar papers · 5.6× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 69 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Vitamin D Research Studies · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Keywords
- Medicine, Clinical nutrition, Cross-sectional study, Internal medicine, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Environmental health, Vitamin D and neurology, Gerontology, Physiology, Pathology, Population
- MeSH
- humans, cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, vitamin d deficiency, blood glucose, triglycerides, vitamin d, body mass index, nutrition surveys, sensitivity and specificity, cross-sectional studies, blood pressure, adult, middle aged, female, male, cholesterol, ldl, cholesterol, hdl, tandem mass spectrometry, waist circumference, young adult, surveys and questionnaires, metabolic syndrome
4 authors
From CA
- Banaz Al-khalidi · correspondingYork University
- Samantha KimballPure North
- Michael Anthony RotondiYork University
- Chris I. ArdernYork University
Abstract
Background
Previously reported associations between vitamin D status, as measured by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations, and cardiometabolic risk factors were largely limited by variability in 25(OH)D assay performance. In accordance with the Vitamin D Standardization Program, serum 25(OH)D measurement was recently standardized in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to reduce laboratory and method related differences in serum 25(OH)D results. We evaluated the overall and ethnic-specific associations between the newly standardized serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic risk in U.S. adults.
Methods
This study examined standardized 25(OH)D data from five cycles of the NHANES (2001-2010). The total sample included 7674 participants (1794 Mexican-Americans, 4289 non-Hispanic whites, and 1591 non-Hispanic blacks) aged ≥ 20 years who were examined in the morning after overnight fasting. Serum 25(OH)D was directly measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in 2007-2010, and was predicted from LC-MS/MS equivalents for 2001-2006. Serum 25(OH)D levels were categorized into quartiles (<43.4, 43.4-58.6, 58.7-74.2, ≥74.3 nmol/L). Cardiometabolic risk was defined by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and Framingham cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using modified Poisson regression.
Results
After full adjustment for confounders, serum 25(OH)D ≥74.3 nmol/L was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk compared to 25(OH)D <43.4 nmol/L in the overall sample [HOMA-IR: 0.70 (0.59, 0.84); MetS: 0.82 (0.74, 0.91); CVD risk: 0.78 (0.66, 0.91)]. These associations remained significant in Mexican-Americans [HOMA-IR: 0.54 (0.35, 0.82); MetS: 0.73 (0.55, 0.96)], non-Hispanic whites [HOMA-IR: 0.81 (0.68, 0.96); MetS: 0.84 (0.73, 0.95); CVD risk: 0.78 (0.64, 0.93)]; and in non-Hispanic blacks [HOMA-IR: 0.67 (0.45, 0.99); MetS: 0.75 (0.56, 0.97); CVD risk: 0.58 (0.41, 0.81)].
Conclusions
Low vitamin D status is a significant risk factor for cardiometabolic disease in U.S. adults based on standardized serum 25(OH)D results, irrespective of ethnic background. Future studies using standardized 25(OH)D data are needed to confirm these results, particularly amongst U.S. blacks with 25(OH)D concentrations above 75 nmol/L.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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