Chemopreventive effects of a Tamarindus indica fruit extract against colon carcinogenesis depends on the dietary cholesterol levels in hamsters
Martinello F, Kannen V, Franco JJ, Gasparotto B, Sakita JY, Sugohara A, Garcia SB, Uyemura SA
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 8 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Animal study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- Animals
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Government
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Grants
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (02/03174-5); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (475276/01-9)
Based on 2 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2017-07-04 · Food Chem Toxicol · vol. 107 · issue Pt A · pp. 261–269
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Cited
- 17 citations · more than 62% of similar papers · 0.7× the field average
- References
- 57 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC-ND
- Research areas
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism · Genetic factors in colorectal cancer · Pharmacological Effects of Medicinal Plants
- Keywords
- TBARS, Lipid peroxidation, Thiobarbituric acid, Carcinogen, Chemoprotective, Glutathione peroxidase, Antioxidant, Superoxide dismutase, Triglyceride, Alanine transaminase, Chemistry, Cholesterol, Aspartate transaminase, Biochemistry, Hamster, Azoxymethane, Aberrant crypt foci, 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine, Colorectal cancer, Food science, Internal medicine, Biology, Endocrinology, Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Medicine, Enzyme, Alkaline phosphatase
- MeSH
- colon, liver, animals, humans, mesocricetus, tamarindus, fruit, colonic neoplasms, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, cholesterol, dietary, plant extracts, anticarcinogenic agents, carcinogens, lipid peroxidation, cricetinae, male
8 authors
From BR
- Flávia MartinelloUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina
- Vinicius Kannen · correspondingUniversidade de São Paulo
- João José FrancoUniversidade de São Paulo
- Bianca GasparottoUniversidade de São Paulo
- Juliana Yumi SakitaUniversidade de São Paulo
- Atushi SugoharaUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Abstract
Tamarind has significant antioxidant potential. We showed that tamarind protects hypercholesterolemic hamsters from atherosclerosis. Hypercholesterolemia might increase the risk of colon cancer. We investigated whether tamarind extract modulates the risk of colon cancer in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Hamsters (n = 64) were given tamarind and a hypercholesterolemic diet for 8 weeks. The groups were the control, tamarind treatment, hypercholesterolemic, and hypercholesterolemic treated with tamarind groups. Half of each group was exposed to the carcinogen dimethylhydrazine (DMH) at the 8th week. All hamsters were euthanatized at the 10th week. In carcinogen-exposed hypercholesterolemic hamsters, tamarind did not alter the cholesterol or triglyceride serum levels, but it reduced biomarkers of liver damage (alanine transaminase [ALT], and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]). Tamarind decreased DNA damage in hepatocytes, as demonstrated by analysis with an anti-γH2A.X antibody. In liver and serum samples, we found that this fruit extract reduced lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]) and increased endogenous antioxidant mechanisms (glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and superoxide dismutase [SOD]). However, tamarind did not alter either lipid peroxidation or antioxidant defenses in the colon, which contrasts with DMH exposure. Moreover, tamarind significantly increased the stool content of cholesterol. Although tamarind reduced the risk of colon cancer in hypercholesterolemic hamsters that were carcinogenically exposed to DMH by 63.8% (Metallothionein), it was still ∼51% higher than for animals fed a regular diet. Staining colon samples with an anti-γH2A.X antibody confirmed these findings. We suggest that tamarind has chemoprotective activity against the development of colon carcinogenesis, although a hypercholesterolemic diet might impair this protection.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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