Nut consumption in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a meta-analysis 18 prospective studies
Chen GC, Zhang R, Martínez-González MA, Zhang ZL, Bonaccio M, van Dam RM, Qin LQ
Food & function · 46 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2017-01-01 · Food Funct · vol. 8 · issue 11 · pp. 3893–3905
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry
- Cited
- 75 citations · more than 78% of similar papers · 0.8× the field average
- References
- 64 works
- Access
- Paywalled
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Keywords
- Medicine, Meta-analysis, Confounding, Demography, Mortality rate, Nut, Prospective cohort study, Population, Relative risk, Risk of mortality, Confidence interval, Internal medicine, Environmental health
- MeSH
- humans, nuts, cardiovascular diseases, prospective studies, randomized controlled trials as topic
7 authors
From SG, CN, ES, ML, IT, KR
- Guo-Chong ChenNational University of Singapore; Soochow University; National University Health System
- Ru ZhangSoochow University
- Miguel Ángel Martínez‐GonzálezInstituto de Salud Carlos III; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red; Universidad de Navarra
- Zeng-Li ZhangMinistère de la Santé et de l'Hygiène Publique; Soochow University
- Marialaura BonaccioIstituto Neurologico Mediterraneo
- Rob M. van Dam · correspondingYong In University; National University of Singapore; National University Health System
Abstract
Several previous meta-analyses show a consistent inverse association between nut consumption and all-cause mortality, but the associations with cause-specific mortality remain uncertain. A recent meta-analysis on nut consumption and multiple health outcomes combined incidence and mortality outcomes across most of the analyses, which may have introduced heterogeneity across studies. We conducted an updated meta-analysis to evaluate the nut-mortality association. We searched PubMed and EMBASE and we contacted authors for additional data. The final analyses included 18 prospective studies. The random-effects summary RRs for high compared with low nut consumption were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.78-0.84) for all-cause mortality (18 studies with 81 034 deaths), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.71-0.79) for CVD mortality (17 studies with 20 381 deaths), 0.73 (95% CI: 0.67-0.80) for CHD mortality (14 studies with 10 438 deaths), 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.91) for stroke mortality (13 studies with 4850 deaths) and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.80-0.93) for cancer mortality (11 studies 21 353 deaths). These results were broadly consistent within subgroups according to various study and population characteristics and within sensitivity analyses that took into account potential confounders. Peanut (5 studies) and tree nut (3 studies) consumption were similarly associated with mortality risks. Dose-response analyses suggested evidence for nonlinear associations between nut consumption and mortality (P-nonlinearity -1). Our findings suggest that nut consumption is associated with reduced all-cause and cause-specific mortality, with the strongest reduction for CHD mortality. Both tree nuts and peanuts may lower mortality and most of the survival benefits may be achieved at a relative low level of nut consumption.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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