Funded in part by California Walnut Commission
Walnut consumption in a weight reduction intervention: effects on body weight, biological measures, blood pressure and satiety
Rock CL, Flatt SW, Barkai HS, Pakiz B, Heath DD
Nutrition journal · 50 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Nonprofit
- American Institute for Cancer Research
- Industry group
- California Walnut Commission
Based on 2 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2017-12-01 · Nutr J · vol. 16 · issue 1 · p. 76
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
- Cited
- 77 citations · more than 95% of similar papers · 4.2× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 39 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact · Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Keywords
- Medicine, Clinical nutrition, Weight loss, Body weight, Blood pressure, Reduction (mathematics), Consumption (sociology), Obesity, Internal medicine
- MeSH
- humans, juglans, nuts, obesity, body weight, weight loss, body mass index, diet, reducing, satiation, behavior therapy, energy intake, blood pressure, middle aged, female, male, overweight, cholesterol, ldl, waist circumference
5 authors
From US
- Cheryl L. Rock · correspondingUniversity of California San Diego
- Shirley W. FlattUniversity of California San Diego
- Hava‐Shoshana BarkaiUniversity of California San Diego
- Bilgé PakizUniversity of California San Diego
- Dennis D. HeathUniversity of California San Diego
Abstract
Background
Dietary strategies that help patients adhere to a weight reduction diet may increase the likelihood of weight loss maintenance and improved long-term health outcomes. Regular nut consumption has been associated with better weight management and less adiposity. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of a walnut-enriched reduced-energy diet to a standard reduced-energy-density diet on weight, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and satiety.
Methods
Overweight and obese men and women (n = 100) were randomly assigned to a standard reduced-energy-density diet or a walnut-enriched (15% of energy) reduced-energy diet in the context of a behavioral weight loss intervention. Measurements were obtained at baseline and 3- and 6-month clinic visits. Participants rated hunger, fullness and anticipated prospective consumption at 3 time points during the intervention. Body measurements, blood pressure, physical activity, lipids, tocopherols and fatty acids were analyzed using repeated measures mixed models.
Results
Both study groups reduced body weight, body mass index and waist circumference (time effect p < 0.001 for each). Change in weight was -9.4 (0.9)% vs. -8.9 (0.7)% (mean [SE]), for the standard vs. walnut-enriched diet groups, respectively. Systolic blood pressure decreased in both groups at 3 months, but only the walnut-enriched diet group maintained a lower systolic blood pressure at 6 months. The walnut-enriched diet group, but not the standard reduced-energy-density diet group, reduced total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) at 6 months, from 203 to 194 mg/dL and 121 to 112 mg/dL, respectively (p < 0.05). Self-reported satiety was similar in the groups.
Conclusions
These findings provide further evidence that a walnut-enriched reduced-energy diet can promote weight loss that is comparable to a standard reduced-energy-density diet in the context of a behavioral weight loss intervention. Although weight loss in response to both dietary strategies was associated with improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors, the walnut-enriched diet promoted more favorable effects on LDL-C and systolic blood pressure.
Trial registration
The trial is registered at ( NCT02501889 ).
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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