Relationships between consumption of ultra-processed foods, gestational weight gain and neonatal outcomes in a sample of US pregnant women
Rohatgi KW, Tinius RA, Cade WT, Steele EM, Cahill AG, Parra DC
PeerJ · 88 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Food frequency questionnaire
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- Washington University in St. Louis
- University or hospital
- Universidade de São Paulo
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Government
- National Center for Research Resources
- Government
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Government
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Government
- NCRR NIH HHS
- Government
- NCATS NIH HHS
- Government
- Clinical and Translational Science Award
- University or hospital
- Diabetes Research Center
- University or hospital
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center
- Grants
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30-DK056341); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1-TR-000448); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK020579); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002345); National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR-024992); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (TL1 TR000449); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U01DK094416); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P60-DK-020579); National Institutes of Health (DK20579); National Institutes of Health (DK56341); National Institutes of Health (DK094416); National Institutes of Health (TL1TR000449); National Institutes of Health (RR024992); National Institutes of Health (TR000449)
Based on 12 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2017-12-07 · PeerJ · vol. 5 · p. e4091
- Publisher
- PeerJ, Inc.
- Cited
- 132 citations · more than 98% of similar papers · 8.9× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 40 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling · Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- Medicine, Weight gain, Obesity, Pregnancy, Body mass index, Gestation, Gestational age, Obstetrics, Body weight, Internal medicine, Biology
6 authors
From US, BR
- Karthik W. RohatgiWashington University in St. Louis
- Rachel A. TiniusWestern Kentucky University
- W. Todd CadeWashington University in St. Louis
- Eurídice Martínez SteeleUniversidade de São Paulo
- Alison G. CahillWashington University in St. Louis
- Diana Celmira ParraWashington University in St. Louis
Abstract
Background
An increasingly large share of diet comes from ultra-processed foods (UPFs), which are assemblages of food substances designed to create durable, convenient and palatable ready-to-eat products. There is increasing evidence that high UPF consumption is indicative of poor diet and is associated with obesity and metabolic disorders. This study sought to examine the relationship between percent of energy intake from ultra-processed foods (PEI-UPF) during pregnancy and maternal gestational weight gain, maternal lipids and glycemia, and neonatal body composition. We also compared the PEI-UPF indicator against the US government's Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010).
Methods
Data were used from a longitudinal study performed in 2013-2014 at the Women's Health Center and Obstetrics & Gynecology Clinic in St. Louis, MO, USA. Subjects were pregnant women in the normal and obese weight ranges, as well as their newborns (n = 45). PEI-UPF and the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) were calculated for each subject from a one-month food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multiple regression (ANCOVA-like) analysis was used to analyze the relationship between PEI-UPF or HEI-2010 and various clinical outcomes. The ability of these dietary indices to predict clinical outcomes was also compared with the predictive abilities of total energy intake and total fat intake.
Results
An average of 54.4 ± 13.2% of energy intake was derived from UPFs. A 1%-point increase in PEI-UPF was associated with a 1.33 kg increase in gestational weight gain (p = 0.016). Similarly, a 1%-point increase in PEI-UPF was associated with a 0.22 mm increase in thigh skinfold (p = 0.045), 0.14 mm in subscapular skinfold (p = 0.026), and 0.62 percentage points of total body adiposity (p = 0.037) in the neonate.
Discussion
PEI-UPF (percent of energy intake from ultra-processed foods) was associated with and may be a useful predictor of increased gestational weight gain and neonatal body fat. PEI-UPF was a better predictor of all tested outcomes than either total energy or fat intake, and a better predictor of the three infant body fat measures than HEI-2010. UPF consumption should be limited during pregnancy and diet quality should be maximized in order to improve maternal and neonatal health.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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