Core Temperature Responses to Cold-Water Immersion Recovery: A Pooled-Data Analysis
Stephens JM, Sharpe K, Gore C, Miller J, Slater GJ, Versey N, Peiffer J, Duffield R, Minett GM, Crampton D, Dunne A, Askew CD, Halson SL
International journal of sports physiology and performance · 11 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2017-12-28 · Int J Sports Physiol Perform · vol. 13 · issue 7 · pp. 917–925
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Cited
- 15 citations · more than 80% of similar papers · 1.3× the field average
- References
- 36 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy)
- Research areas
- Exercise and Physiological Responses · Thermoregulation and physiological responses · Sports injuries and prevention
- Keywords
- Immersion (mathematics), Core temperature, Medicine, Mean difference, Internal medicine, Confidence interval, Mathematics
- MeSH
- humans, water, exercise, immersion, body temperature regulation, muscle fatigue, time factors, adult, male, cold temperature, young adult, myalgia
13 authors
From AU, IE
- Jessica Stephens · correspondingUniversity of the Sunshine Coast
- Ken SharpeThe University of Melbourne
- Christopher J. GoreUniversity of Canberra
- Joanna Miller
- Gary J. SlaterUniversity of the Sunshine Coast
- Nathan G. Versey
Abstract
Purpose
To examine the effect of postexercise cold-water immersion (CWI) protocols, compared with control (CON), on the magnitude and time course of core temperature (Tc) responses.
Methods
Pooled-data analyses were used to examine the Tc responses of 157 subjects from previous postexercise CWI trials in the authors' laboratories. CWI protocols varied with different combinations of temperature, duration, immersion depth, and mode (continuous vs intermittent). Tc was examined as a double difference (ΔΔTc), calculated as the change in Tc in CWI condition minus the corresponding change in CON. The effect of CWI on ΔΔTc was assessed using separate linear mixed models across 2 time components (component 1, immersion; component 2, postintervention).
Results
Intermittent CWI resulted in a mean decrease in ΔΔTc that was 0.25°C (0.10°C) (estimate [SE]) greater than continuous CWI during the immersion component (P = .02). There was a significant effect of CWI temperature during the immersion component (P = .05), where reductions in water temperature of 1°C resulted in decreases in ΔΔTc of 0.03°C (0.01°C). Similarly, the effect of CWI duration was significant during the immersion component (P = .01), where every 1 min of immersion resulted in a decrease in ΔΔTc of 0.02°C (0.01°C). The peak difference in Tc between the CWI and CON interventions during the postimmersion component occurred at 60 min postintervention.
Conclusions
Variations in CWI mode, duration, and temperature may have a significant effect on the extent of change in Tc. Careful consideration should be given to determine the optimal amount of core cooling before deciding which combination of protocol factors to prescribe.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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