Examining the interaction of fast-food outlet exposure and income on diet and obesity: evidence from 51,361 UK Biobank participants
Burgoine T, Sarkar C, Webster CJ, Monsivais P
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 103 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- Washington State University
- Nonprofit
- Wellcome Trust
- Government
- United Kingdom Clinical Research Collaboration
- Nonprofit
- Cancer Research UK
- Government
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Nonprofit
- British Heart Foundation
- University or hospital
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research
- Government
- Medical Research Council
- Government
- Economic and Social Research Council
- Nonprofit
- British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Economic and Social Research Council, Medical Research Council, National Institute for Health Research
- Grants
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/G007462/1); Medical Research Council (ES/G007462/1); Economic and Social Research Council (ES/L003201/1); Cancer Research UK (ES/G007462/1); Wellcome Trust (ES/G007462/1); Economic and Social Research Council (ES/L003201/1); Economic and Social Research Council (ES/G007462/1); United Kingdom Clinical Research Collaboration (ES/G007462/1); Medical Research Council (MR/K023187/1); Wellcome Trust (087636/Z/08/Z); Medical Research Council (MC_PC_17228); Wellcome Trust (087636); British Heart Foundation (ES/G007462/1); National Institute for Health and Care Research (ES/G007462/1); Centre for Diet and Activity Research (ES/G007462/1)
Based on 10 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2018-07-24 · Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act · vol. 15 · issue 1 · p. 71
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
- Cited
- 172 citations · more than 99% of similar papers · 10.2× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 86 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Dietary Effects on Health · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- Neighbourhood (mathematics), Biobank, Environmental health, Socioeconomic status, Obesity, Public health, Clinical nutrition, Gerontology, Medicine, Biology, Population, Endocrinology
- MeSH
- adipose tissue, humans, obesity, body weight, body mass index, diet, odds ratio, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, feeding behavior, environment, residence characteristics, poverty, restaurants, meat products, middle aged, income, biological specimen banks, london, female, male, adiposity, fast foods
4 authors
From GB, HK, US
- Thomas Burgoine · correspondingUniversity of Cambridge; MRC Epidemiology Unit
- Chinmoy SarkarUniversity of Hong Kong
- Chris J. WebsterUniversity of Hong Kong
- Pablo MonsivaisWashington State University Spokane; University of Cambridge; MRC Epidemiology Unit
Abstract
Background
Household income (as a marker of socioeconomic position) and neighbourhood fast-food outlet exposure may be related to diet and body weight, which are key risk factors for non-communicable diseases. However, the research evidence is equivocal. Moreover, understanding the double burden of these factors is a matter of public health importance. The purpose of this study was to test associations of neighbourhood fast-food outlet exposure and household income, in relation to frequency of consumption of processed meat and multiple measures of adiposity, and to examine possible interactions.
Methods
We employed an observational, cross-sectional study design. In a cohort of 51,361 adults aged 38-72 years in Greater London, UK, we jointly classified participants based on household income (£/year, four groups) and GIS-derived neighbourhood fast-food outlet proportion (counts of fast-food outlets as a percentage of all food outlets, quartiles). Multivariable regression models estimated main effects and interactions (additive and multiplicative) of household income and fast-food outlet proportion on odds of self-reported frequent processed meat consumption (> 1/week), measured BMI (kg/m2), body fat (%), and odds of obesity (BMI ≥ 30).
Results
Income and fast-food proportion were independently, systematically associated with BMI, body fat, obesity and frequent processed meat consumption. Odds of obesity were greater for lowest income participants compared to highest (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.41, 1.69) and for those most-exposed to fast-food outlets compared to least-exposed (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.40, 1.64). In jointly classified models, lowest income and highest fast-food outlet proportion in combination were associated with greater odds of obesity (OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 2.09, 2.84), with relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI = 0.03). Results were similar for frequent processed meat consumption models. There was no evidence of interaction on a multiplicative scale between fast-food outlet proportion and household income on each of BMI (P = 0.230), obesity (P = 0.054) and frequent processed meat consumption (P = 0.725).
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated independent associations of neighbourhood fast-food outlet exposure and household income, in relation to diet and multiple objective measures of adiposity, in a large sample of UK adults. Moreover, we provide evidence of the double burden of low income and an unhealthy neighbourhood food environment, furthering our understanding of how these factors contribute jointly to social inequalities in health.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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