Funded in part by American Egg Board
Unscrambling the relations of egg and meat consumption with type 2 diabetes risk
Sabaté J, Burkholder-Cooley NM, Segovia-Siapco G, Oda K, Wells B, Orlich MJ, Fraser GE
The American journal of clinical nutrition · 19 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Food frequency questionnaire
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Government
- National Cancer Institute
- Government
- NCI NIH HHS
- Industry group
- American Egg Board
- Grants
- National Cancer Institute (U01 CA152939); National Cancer Institute (1U01CA152939)
Based on 3 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2018-08-22 · Am J Clin Nutr · vol. 108 · issue 5 · pp. 1121–1128
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Cited
- 21 citations · more than 90% of similar papers · 2.6× the field average
- References
- 41 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC
- Research areas
- Nutritional Studies and Diet · Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact · Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Keywords
- Type 2 diabetes, Consumption (sociology), Food science, Business, Medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Biology, Endocrinology, Art
- MeSH
- humans, diabetes mellitus, type 2, diet, diet surveys, logistic models, odds ratio, risk factors, longitudinal studies, prospective studies, feeding behavior, energy intake, eggs, meat, adult, aged, middle aged, female, male
7 authors
From US
- Joan Sabaté · corresponding
- Nasira M Burkholder-CooleyChapman University
- Gina Segovia‐Siapco
- Keiji Oda
- Briana Wells
- Michael J. OrlichLoma Linda University
Abstract
Background
Meat intake is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). It is not clear if egg intake is associated with T2D risk because purported associations may be due to concurrent consumption of eggs with meat.
Objective
Our aim was to differentiate any associations between meat and egg consumption and the risk of T2D.
Design
In this longitudinal study, 55,851 participants of the Adventist Health Study 2 who were free of diabetes provided demographic, anthropometric, and dietary data at baseline. Meat and egg intakes were assessed with a validated quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Responses to 2 follow-up questionnaires determined incident T2D cases. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression was used to determine relations between meat and egg intake and incident T2D.
Results
T2D cases identified during a mean 5.3 y of follow-up totaled 2772. Meat intake of >0 to <25 g/d, ≥25 to <70 g/d, and ≥70 g/d significantly increased the risk of T2D compared with no meat intake (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.44; OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.61; and OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.39, 1.96, respectively; P-trend < 0.0001). Egg intake compared with no egg intake was not associated with T2D risk. A significant meat-egg interaction (P = 0.019) showed that within every category of egg intake, there was an incremental rise in T2D risk as meat intake increased. However, within categories of meat intake, increasing egg intake did not increase the risk of T2D except among nonmeat-eaters consuming ≥5 eggs/wk (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.12).
Conclusions
Meat consumption, but not egg consumption, is independently associated with T2D risk. Egg intake seems not to increase T2D risk further with meat intake. Our findings suggest that the purported egg-T2D risk relation in US populations may be biased due to failure to investigate egg-meat interactions. Further investigations are needed to ascertain T2D risk among nonmeat-eaters with high egg intakes.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC).
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