Enteral Docosahexaenoic Acid and Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Bernabe-García M, Villegas-Silva R, Villavicencio-Torres A, Calder PC, Rodríguez-Cruz M, Maldonado-Hernández J, Macías-Loaiza D, López-Alarcón M, Inda-Icaza P, Cruz-Reynoso L
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition · 46 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
- Government
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
- Government
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Guatemala
- Grants
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (FIS/IMSS/PROT/G15/1462 from IMSS); Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Guatemala (Salud‐2015‐2‐261765); Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Salud‐2015‐2‐261765)
Based on 3 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2019-01-06 · JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · vol. 43 · issue 7 · pp. 874–882
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 55 citations · more than 94% of similar papers · 3.9× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 54 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy)
- Research areas
- Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies · Neonatal Respiratory Health Research · Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- Retinopathy of prematurity, Medicine, Odds ratio, Enteral administration, Randomized controlled trial, Docosahexaenoic acid, Relative risk, Gestational age, Confidence interval, Confounding, Internal medicine, Parenteral nutrition, Incidence (geometry), Birth weight, Neonatal intensive care unit, Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Pregnancy, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Fatty acid, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, retinopathy of prematurity, infant, premature, diseases, docosahexaenoic acids, enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, logistic models, double-blind method, infant, newborn, infant, low birth weight, infant, premature, female, male
10 authors
From MX, GB
- Mariela Bernabé-García · correspondingMexican Social Security Institute; Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI
- Raúl Villegas‐SilvaHospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez
- Astrid Villavicencio‐TorresMexican Social Security Institute; Centro Médico Nacional La Raza
- Philip C. CalderNational Health Service; Southampton General Hospital; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust; National Institute for Health and Care Research; University of Southampton
- Maricela Rodríguez‐CruzMexican Social Security Institute; Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI
- Jorge Maldonado‐HernándezMexican Social Security Institute; Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI
Abstract
Background
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disorder of the retina of low-birth-weight preterm infants that potentially leads to blindness. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is protective in experimental models, but its administration as part of parenteral nutrition has shown inconsistent results. We test the effect of enteral DHA to prevent ROP and/or severity and to reduce hospital stay.
Methods
This was a double-blind parallel clinical trial. Preterm infants (n = 110; 55 per group) with birth weight <1500 g but ≥1000 g were recruited in a neonatal intensive care unit. Infants were randomized to receive 75 mg of DHA/kg/d (DHA group) or high oleic sunflower oil (control group) for 14 days by enteral feeding. The effect of DHA was evaluated on any stage of ROP, severe ROP (stage ≥3) incidence, and hospital stay. Groups were compared with relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, or Mann-Whitney U-test, as appropriate. Logistic regression was applied to adjust for confounders.
Results
There was no difference between the DHA and control groups in ROP risk (RR for DHA = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.49-1.27; P = 0.33). However, patients who received DHA showed lower risk for stage 3 ROP (RR for DHA = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.44-0.99; P = 0.03). After adjusting for confounders, this decreased risk remained significant (adjusted odds ratio = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.011-0.886; P = 0.04). Hospital stay was similar between groups.
Conclusion
Enteral DHA may reduce the incidence of stage 3 ROP.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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