Dietary nitrate consumption and risk of CHD in women from the Nurses' Health Study
Jackson JK, Zong G, MacDonald-Wicks LK, Patterson AJ, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Manson JE, McEvoy MA
The British journal of nutrition · 16 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Food frequency questionnaire
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- University or hospital
- Hunter Medical Research Institute
- Government
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Government
- National Cancer Institute
- Government
- NHLBI NIH HHS
- Government
- NCI NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Cancer Institute (R01‐CA050385); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01-HL034594); National Cancer Institute (UM1 CA176726)
Based on 6 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2019-01-23 · Br J Nutr · vol. 121 · issue 7 · pp. 831–838
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Cited
- 18 citations · more than 80% of similar papers · 1.2× the field average
- References
- 66 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Sodium Intake and Health
- Keywords
- Medicine, Proportional hazards model, Relative risk, Hazard ratio, Diabetes mellitus, Environmental health, Nitrate, Blood pressure, Myocardial infarction, Internal medicine, Demography, Confidence interval, Endocrinology, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, fruit, vegetables, cardiovascular diseases, nitrates, diet, health surveys, diet surveys, proportional hazards models, odds ratio, risk factors, prospective studies, adult, aged, middle aged, female
8 authors
From AU, US
- Jacklyn Kay JacksonUniversity of Newcastle Australia
- Geng ZongHarvard University
- Lesley K. MacDonald‐WicksUniversity of Newcastle Australia
- Amanda J. PattersonUniversity of Newcastle Australia
- Walter Churchill WillettBrigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard University
- Eric B. RimmBrigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard University
Abstract
The consumption of nitrate-rich vegetables can acutely lower blood pressure and improve mediators shown to optimise vascular health. However, we do not yet understand the impact of long-term habitual dietary nitrate intake and its association with CVD. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to examine the relationship between habitual dietary nitrate intakes and risk of CHD in women from the Nurses' Health Study. We prospectively followed 62 535 women who were free from diabetes, CVD and cancer at baseline in 1986. Information on diet was updated every 4 years with validated FFQ. The main outcome was CHD defined by the occurrence of non-fatal myocardial infarction or fatal CHD. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the relative risks (RR) and 95 % CI. During 26 years of follow-up, 2257 cases of CHD were identified. When comparing the highest quintile of nitrate intake with the lowest quintile, in aged-adjusted analysis there was a protective association for CHD (RR=0·77, 95 % CI 0·68, 0·97; P=0·0002) which dissipated after further adjustment for smoking, physical activity, BMI and race (RR=0·91; 95 % CI 0·80, 1·04; P=0·27). This magnitude of association was further attenuated once we adjusted for the Alternative Healthy Eating Index excluding vegetable and fruit consumption (RR=1·04, 95 % CI 0·91, 1·20; P=0·34). Dietary nitrate intake was not related to the risk of CHD after adjustment for other lifestyle and non-vegetable dietary factors in a large group of US women.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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