Post-Prandial Changes in Salivary Glucocorticoids: Effects of Dietary Cholesterol and Associations with Bile Acid Excretion
Anderson GW, Kenyon CJ, Al-Dujaili EAS
Nutrients · 5 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Food provided by researchers
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2019-02-09 · Nutrients · vol. 11 · issue 2 · p. 360
- Publisher
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Cited
- 8 citations · more than 46% of similar papers · 0.3× the field average
- References
- 40 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Stress Responses and Cortisol · Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension · Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- Internal medicine, Endocrinology, Cortisone, Postprandial, Cholesterol, TBARS, Lipid peroxidation, Glucocorticoid, Bile acid, Saliva, Chemistry, Biology, Medicine, Oxidative stress
- MeSH
- saliva, humans, bile acids and salts, cholesterol, dietary, glucocorticoids, diet, cross-over studies, postprandial period, adult, female, male, young adult
3 authors
From GB
- Graham W. AndersonQueen Margaret University; The Queen's Medical Research Institute; University of Edinburgh
- Christopher J. KenyonThe Queen's Medical Research Institute; University of Edinburgh
- Emad A. S. Al‐Dujaili · correspondingQueen Margaret University; The Queen's Medical Research Institute; University of Edinburgh
Abstract
Mechanisms to explain post-prandial increases in circulating glucocorticoids are not well understood and may involve increased adrenal secretion and/or altered steroid metabolism. We have compared salivary levels of cortisol and cortisone levels in healthy male and female volunteers fed either a low or cholesterol-rich midday meal. Urinary levels of steroids, bile acids and markers of lipid peroxidation were also measured. Males and females showed expected circadian changes in salivary steroids and postprandial peaks within 1h of feeding. After a high-cholesterol meal, postprandial cortisol increases were higher in males whereas post-prandial cortisone levels were higher in females. Urinary cortisol but not cortisone levels were higher on the day when males and females ate a high-cholesterol meal. Urinary bile acid excretion and anti-oxidant markers of lipid peroxidation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and total phenol content were not affected by dietary cholesterol but tended to be higher in males. Cross-tabulation of correlation coefficients indicated positive associations between urinary markers of peroxidation, bile acids, and cortisol:cortisone ratios. We conclude that dietary cholesterol (a substrate for steroidogenesis) does not have an acute effect on adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis and that gender but not a high-cholesterol meal may influence the interconversion of cortisol and cortisone. Longer term studies of the effects of dietary cholesterol are needed to analyze the associations between bile acids, steroid metabolism, and secretion and lipid peroxidation.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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