Effect of Creatine Supplementation on the Airways of Youth Elite Soccer Players
Simpson AJ, Horne S, Sharp P, Sharps R, Kippelen P
Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 7 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- University of Hull
Based on 1 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2019-03-22 · Med Sci Sports Exerc · vol. 51 · issue 8 · pp. 1582–1590
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Cited
- 16 citations · more than 69% of similar papers · 0.9× the field average
- References
- 44 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC-ND
- Research areas
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition · Exercise and Physiological Responses · Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Keywords
- Creatine, Exhaled nitric oxide, Placebo, Medicine, Athletes, Dose, Internal medicine, Physical therapy, Asthma, Spirometry
- MeSH
- lung, humans, hypersensitivity, immediate, inflammation, nitric oxide, creatine, breath tests, lung volume measurements, pulmonary ventilation, forced expiratory flow rates, double-blind method, soccer, dietary supplements, adolescent, male, performance-enhancing substances, physical conditioning, human, biomarkers
5 authors
From GB
- Andrew SimpsonBrunel University of London
- Sara HorneBrunel University of London
- Peter C. SharpManchester City Football Club
- ROBERT SHARPSManchester City Football Club
- Pascale KippelenBrunel University of London
Abstract
Introduction
Owing to its well-established ergogenic potential, creatine is a highly popular food supplement in sports. As an oral supplement, creatine is considered safe and ethical. However, no data exist on the safety of creatine on lung function in athletes. The aim of this project was to evaluate the effects of a standard course of creatine on the airways of youth elite athletes.
Methods
Nineteen elite soccer players, 16-21 yr old, completed a stratified, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. The creatine group (n = 9) ingested 0.3 g·kg⋅d of creatine monohydrate (CM) for 1 wk (loading phase) and 5 g·d for 7 wk (maintenance phase), and the placebo group (n = 10) received the same dosages of maltodextrin. Airway inflammation (assessed by exhaled nitric oxide, FENO) and airway responsiveness (to dry air hyperpnoea) were measured pre- and postsupplementation.
Results
Mild, unfavorable changes in FENO were noticed by trend over the supplementation period in the CM group only (P = 0.056 for interaction, η = 0.199), with a mean group change of 9 ± 13 ppb in the CM group versus -5 ± 16 ppb in the placebo group (P = 0.056, d = 0.695). Further, the maximum fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s after dry air hyperpnoea was larger by trend postsupplementation in the CM group compared with the placebo group: 9.7% ± 7.5% vs 4.4% ± 1.4%, respectively (P = 0.070, d = 0.975). These adverse effects were more pronounced when atopic players only (n = 15) were considered.
Conclusion
On the basis of the observed trends and medium to large effect sizes, we cannot exclude that creatine supplementation has an adverse effect on the airways of elite athletes, particularly in those with allergic sensitization. Further safety profiling of the ergogenic food supplement is warranted.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC-ND).
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