Caffeine release and absorption from caffeinated gums
Morris C, Viriot SM, Farooq Mirza QUA, Morris GA, Lynn A
Food & function · 27 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Controlled clinical trial (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- No health outcome
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2019-01-01 · Food Funct · vol. 10 · issue 4 · pp. 1792–1796
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry
- Cited
- 40 citations · more than 83% of similar papers · 1.8× the field average
- References
- 30 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Coffee research and impacts · Eating Disorders and Behaviors · Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- Caffeine, Absorption (acoustics), Chemistry, Gastrointestinal tract, Pharmacology, Food science, Internal medicine, Biochemistry, Medicine, Materials science
- MeSH
- gastrointestinal tract, mouth mucosa, humans, caffeine, chewing gum, adult, middle aged, female, male, young adult
5 authors
From US, NL, GB, FR
- Cécile Morris · correspondingFood and Nutrition Service; Food & Nutrition; Sheffield Hallam University
- Sophie M. ViriotFood and Nutrition Service; Institut Agro Dijon; Food & Nutrition; Sheffield Hallam University
- Qurat U. A. Farooq MirzaFood and Nutrition Service; Food & Nutrition; Sheffield Hallam University
- Gordon A. MorrisUniversity of Huddersfield
- Anthony LynnFood and Nutrition Service; Food & Nutrition; Sheffield Hallam University
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to estimate the impact of chewing time on caffeine release from gum and to understand caffeine pharmacokinetics. Caffeine release increased with chewing time (2 min < 5 min < 10 min). Furthermore, two plasma caffeine concentration peaks were observed suggesting that caffeine absorption occurs both through the oral mucosa and gastrointestinal tract. This is of practical relevance to maximise caffeine doses and to synchronise effort with peak caffeine concentration.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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