Caffeine and blood pressure: a critical review perspective
De Giuseppe R, Di Napoli I, Granata F, Mottolese A, Cena H
Nutrition research reviews · 28 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2019-04-05 · Nutr Res Rev · vol. 32 · issue 2 · pp. 169–175
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Cited
- 47 citations · more than 91% of similar papers · 3.1× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 49 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Coffee research and impacts · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- Caffeine, Confounding, Medicine, Blood pressure, Incidence (geometry), Risk factor, Physiology, Environmental health, Internal medicine
- MeSH
- humans, eleutherococcus, cacao, hypertension, caffeine, cytochrome p-450 cyp1a2, drugs, chinese herbal, risk factors, cohort studies, life style, sex factors, blood pressure, polymorphism, genetic, coffee, adolescent, adult, aged, middle aged, female, male, randomized controlled trials as topic
5 authors
From IT
- Rachele De Giuseppe · correspondingUniversity of Pavia
- Ilaria Di NapoliUniversity of Pavia
- Francesca GranataUniversity of Milan; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
- Antonia MottoleseUniversity of Milan
- Hellas CenaUniversity of Pavia; Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico
Abstract
The WHO reported that high blood pressure (BP) is one of the primary causes of death worldwide. Hypertension (HPT) is a major risk factor for CVD and related diseases as well as for diseases, leading to a considerable increase in cardiovascular risk. Since BP response could also be influenced by caffeine, which is widely consumed with coffee and other items, it is important to define the possible effects associated with caffeine intake. The most recent findings aimed at clarifying the role of caffeine consumption on BP and HPT risk/incidence are conflicting and difficult to interpret. Therefore, in the present narrative review, we aimed to examine various methodological inaccuracies/aspects and factors that make studies difficult to be compared, in order to obtain a single consensus on the effects of caffeine intake on the risk of BP and HPT. We observed that this heterogeneity in results could be due to the presence of: (i) several variables affecting BP (such as age, sex, genetic and lifestyle aspects); (ii) different caffeine content of food and beverages; and (iii) caffeine metabolism. Moreover, different methodological aspects in the evaluation of daily dietary caffeine intake and in the BP measurement could add some other bias in the interpretation of results. Therefore, it is mandatory to consider all methodological aspects and confounding factors to generate a standardised methodology in order to increase cross-study consistency and minimise confounding effects of different variables on the relationship between BP response and HPT risk/incidence after caffeine intake.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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