Funded in part by International Nut and Dried Fruit Council
Pistachio consumption modulates DNA oxidation and genes related to telomere maintenance: a crossover randomized clinical trial
Canudas S, Hernández-Alonso P, Galié S, Muralidharan J, Morell-Azanza L, Zalba G, García-Gavilán J, Martí A, Salas-Salvadó J, Bulló M
The American journal of clinical nutrition · 33 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Food provided by researchers
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Government
- European Commission
- Nonprofit
- Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras
- University or hospital
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Industry group
- International Nut and Dried Fruit Council
- Government
- Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca
- Government
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- Government
- Navarra Government
- Government
- Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
- Government
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- Government
- Agéncia de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca
- Grants
- Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (2018FI_B_00444); Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras (CB06/03); Universitat Rovira i Virgili (PFIS FI17/00255)
Based on 10 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2019-03-11 · Am J Clin Nutr · vol. 109 · issue 6 · pp. 1738–1745
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Cited
- 37 citations · more than 88% of similar papers · 2.2× the field average
- References
- 45 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence · Nuts composition and effects · Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- Insulin resistance, Telomere, Internal medicine, Endocrinology, Glucose clamp technique, Crossover study, Insulin, Diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes, Senescence, Downregulation and upregulation, Biology, Medicine, Gene, Pancreatic hormone, Biochemistry
- MeSH
- telomere, humans, pistacia, nuts, prediabetic state, insulin resistance, dna damage, insulin, telomerase, blood glucose, molecular chaperones, dna, oxidation-reduction, adult, aged, middle aged, female, male
10 authors
From ES
- Sı́lvia Canudas · correspondingInstituto de Salud Carlos III; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red; Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Pablo Hernández‐AlonsoInstituto de Salud Carlos III; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red; Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Serena GaliéInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud; Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Jananee MuralidharanInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud; Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Lydia Morell‐AzanzaInstituto de Salud Carlos III; Navarre Institute of Health Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red
- Guillermo ZalbaNavarre Institute of Health Research; Universidad de Navarra
Abstract
Background
Telomere attrition may play an important role in the pathogenesis and severity of type 2 diabetes (T2D), increasing the probability of β cell senescence and leading to reduced cell mass and decreased insulin secretion. Nutrition and lifestyle are known factors modulating the aging process and insulin resistance/secretion, determining the risk of T2D.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pistachio intake on telomere length and other cellular aging-related parameters of glucose and insulin metabolism.
Methods
Forty-nine prediabetic subjects were included in a randomized crossover clinical trial. Subjects consumed a pistachio-supplemented diet (PD, 50 E% [energy percentage] carbohydrates and 33 E% fat, including 57 g pistachios/d) and an isocaloric control diet (CD, 55 E% carbohydrates and 30 E% fat) for 4 mo each, separated by a 2-wk washout period. DNA oxidation was evaluated by DNA damage (via 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine). Leucocyte telomere length and gene expression related to either oxidation, telomere maintenance or glucose, and insulin metabolism were analyzed by multiplexed quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction after the dietary intervention.
Results
Compared with the CD, the PD reduced oxidative damage to DNA (mean: -3.5%; 95% CI: -8.07%, 1.05%; P = 0.009). Gene expression of 2 telomere-related genes (TERT and WRAP53) was significantly upregulated (164% and 53%) after the PD compared with the CD (P = 0.043 and P = 0.001, respectively). Interestingly, changes in TERT expression were negatively correlated to changes in fasting plasma glucose concentrations and in the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance.
Conclusions
Chronic pistachio consumption reduces oxidative damage to DNA and increases the gene expression of some telomere-associated genes. Lessening oxidative damage to DNA and telomerase expression through diet may represent an intriguing way to promote healthspan in humans, reversing certain deleterious metabolic consequences of prediabetes. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01441921.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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