Funded in part by General Mills, Kellogg's
The Relationship between Whole Grain Intake and Body Weight: Results of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials
Maki KC, Palacios OM, Koecher K, Sawicki CM, Livingston KA, Bell M, Nelson Cortes H, McKeown NM
Nutrients · 54 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Company
- General Mills
- Company
- Kellogg's
- Authors
- At least one author declares a financial tie to industry
Based on 2 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2019-05-31 · Nutrients · vol. 11 · issue 6 · p. 1245
- Publisher
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Cited
- 71 citations · more than 98% of similar papers · 8.8× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 76 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Nutritional Studies and Diet · Diet and metabolism studies · Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- Observational study, Randomized controlled trial, Whole grains, Meta-analysis, Medicine, Biology, Internal medicine, Food science
- MeSH
- humans, body weight, body mass index, diet, cross-sectional studies, adult, randomized controlled trials as topic, observational studies as topic, whole grains
8 authors
From US
- Kevin Carl Maki · correspondingMB Clinical Research and Consulting (United States)
- Orsolya M PalaciosMB Clinical Research and Consulting (United States)
- Katie J. KoecherGeneral Mills (United States)
- Caleigh M SawickiTufts University; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
- Kara A. LivingstonTufts University; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
- Marjorie BellMB Clinical Research and Consulting (United States)
Abstract
Results from some observational studies suggest that higher whole grain (WG) intake is associated with lower risk of weight gain. Ovid Medline was used to conduct a literature search for observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing WG food intake and weight status in adults. A meta-regression analysis of cross-sectional data from 12 observational studies (136,834 subjects) and a meta-analysis of nine RCTs (973 subjects) was conducted; six prospective cohort publications were qualitatively reviewed. Cross-sectional data meta-regression results indicate a significant, inverse correlation between WG intake and body mass index (BMI): weighted slope, -0.0141 kg/m2 per g/day of WG intake (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.0207, -0.0077; r = -0.526, p = 0.0001). Prospective cohort results generally showed inverse associations between WG intake and weight change with typical follow-up periods of five to 20 years. RCT meta-analysis results show a nonsignificant pooled standardized effect size of -0.049 kg (95% CI -0.297, 0.199, p = 0.698) for mean difference in weight change (WG versus control interventions). Higher WG intake is significantly inversely associated with BMI in observational studies but not RCTs up to 16 weeks in length; RCTs with longer intervention periods are warranted.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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