Differential Effects of Alternate-Day Fasting Versus Daily Calorie Restriction on Insulin Resistance
Gabel K, Kroeger CM, Trepanowski JF, Hoddy KK, Cienfuegos S, Kalam F, Varady KA
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 111 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Government
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Government
- NHLBI NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 HL106228)
Based on 3 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2019-07-22 · Obesity (Silver Spring) · vol. 27 · issue 9 · pp. 1443–1450
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 150 citations · more than 99% of similar papers · 9.5× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 34 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy)
- Research areas
- Dietary Effects on Health · Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms · Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- Calorie restriction, Insulin resistance, Medicine, Calorie, Intermittent fasting, Low calorie diet, Internal medicine, Differential effects, Endocrinology, Insulin, Weight loss, Obesity
- MeSH
- humans, insulin resistance, insulin, caloric restriction, fasting, adolescent, adult, aged, middle aged, female, male, young adult
7 authors
From US, AU
- Kelsey GabelUniversity of Illinois Chicago
- Cynthia M. KroegerThe University of Sydney; Charles Sturt University; University of Illinois Chicago
- John F. TrepanowskiUniversity of Illinois Chicago
- Kristin K. HoddyUniversity of Illinois Chicago
- Sofia CienfuegosUniversity of Illinois Chicago
- Faiza KalamUniversity of Illinois Chicago
Abstract
Objective
This study compared the effects of alternate-day fasting (ADF) with those of daily calorie restriction (CR) on body weight and glucoregulatory factors in adults with overweight or obesity and insulin resistance.
Methods
This secondary analysis examined the data of insulin-resistant individuals (n = 43) who participated in a 12-month study that compared ADF (25% energy needs on "fast days"; 125% energy needs on alternating "feast days") with CR (75% energy needs every day) and a control group regimen.
Results
In insulin-resistant participants, weight loss was not different between ADF (-8% ± 2%) and CR (-6% ± 1%) by month 12, relative to controls (P < 0.0001). Fat mass and BMI decreased (P < 0.05) similarly from ADF and CR. ADF produced greater decreases (P < 0.05) in fasting insulin (-52% ± 9%) and insulin resistance (-53% ± 9%) compared with CR (-14% ± 9%; -17% ± 11%) and the control regimen by month 12. Lean mass, visceral fat mass, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin 6 values remained unchanged.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that ADF may produce greater reductions in fasting insulin and insulin resistance compared with CR in insulin-resistant participants despite similar decreases in body weight.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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