Early Time-Restricted Feeding Reduces Appetite and Increases Fat Oxidation But Does Not Affect Energy Expenditure in Humans
Ravussin E, Beyl RA, Poggiogalle E, Hsia DS, Peterson CM
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 229 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- Government
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Government
- National Center for Research Resources
- Government
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Government
- NCATS NIH HHS
- Government
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Government
- NCRR NIH HHS
- Government
- NIGMS NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK079626); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30 DK048520); National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P30 DK072476); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002535); National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U54‐ GM104940); Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center (U54GM104940); National Center for Research Resources (#UL1 RR025780); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R00 DK100465); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (KL2 TR001419); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32 DK007658); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30 DK-072476); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K01 DK113063); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30-DK-056336); National Institutes of Health (U54‐GM104940); National Institutes of Health (KL2TR001419); National Institutes of Health (P30DK072476)
Based on 10 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2019-07-24 · Obesity (Silver Spring) · vol. 27 · issue 8 · pp. 1244–1254
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 311 citations · more than 100% of similar papers · 18.4× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 43 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Dietary Effects on Health · Circadian rhythm and melatonin · Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- Affect (linguistics), Appetite, Energy expenditure, Endocrinology, Medicine, Internal medicine, Food science, Environmental health, Chemistry, Psychology, Communication
- MeSH
- adipose tissue, humans, weight loss, calorimetry, indirect, fasting, appetite, energy metabolism, oxidation-reduction, energy intake, adult, female, male, overweight, ghrelin, meals
5 authors
From US, IT
- Éric RavussinPennington Biomedical Research Center
- Robbie A. BeylPennington Biomedical Research Center
- Eleonora PoggiogallePennington Biomedical Research Center; Sapienza University of Rome
- Daniel S. HsiaPennington Biomedical Research Center
- Courtney M. Peterson · correspondingPennington Biomedical Research Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham
Abstract
Objective
Eating earlier in the daytime to align with circadian rhythms in metabolism enhances weight loss. However, it is unknown whether these benefits are mediated through increased energy expenditure or decreased food intake. Therefore, this study performed the first randomized trial to determine how meal timing affects 24-hour energy metabolism when food intake and meal frequency are matched.
Methods
Eleven adults with overweight practiced both early time-restricted feeding (eTRF) (eating from 8 am to 2 pm) and a control schedule (eating from 8 am to 8 pm) for 4 days each. On the fourth day, 24-hour energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were measured by whole-room indirect calorimetry, in conjunction with appetite and metabolic hormones.
Results
eTRF did not affect 24-hour energy expenditure (Δ = 10 ± 16 kcal/d; P = 0.55). Despite the longer daily fast (intermittent fasting), eTRF decreased mean ghrelin levels by 32 ± 10 pg/mL (P = 0.006), made hunger more even-keeled (P = 0.006), and tended to increase fullness (P = 0.06-0.10) and decrease the desire to eat (P = 0.08). eTRF also increased metabolic flexibility (P = 0.0006) and decreased the 24-hour nonprotein respiratory quotient (Δ = -0.021 ± 0.010; P = 0.05).
Conclusions
Meal-timing interventions facilitate weight loss primarily by decreasing appetite rather than by increasing energy expenditure. eTRF may also increase fat loss by increasing fat oxidation.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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