Physical activity, dietary calcium to magnesium intake and mortality in the National Health and Examination Survey 1999-2006 cohort
Hibler EA, Zhu X, Shrubsole MJ, Hou L, Dai Q
International journal of cancer · 25 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- National Cancer Institute
- Government
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Government
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Government
- NCI NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30-DK-058404); National Cancer Institute (R01 CA202936); National Institutes of Health (R01 CA202936)
Based on 6 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2019-08-21 · Int J Cancer · vol. 146 · issue 11 · pp. 2979–2986
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 36 citations · more than 82% of similar papers · 1.5× the field average
- References
- 35 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Nutrition and Health in Aging · Magnesium in Health and Disease · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Cohort, Medicine, Environmental health, Calcium, Cohort study, Magnesium, Gerontology, Internal medicine, Chemistry, Population
- MeSH
- humans, neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, chronic disease, calcium, dietary, magnesium, vitamin d, exercise, diet, nutrition surveys, nutritional status, dietary supplements, adult, middle aged, female, male
5 authors
From US
- Elizabeth A. Hibler · correspondingNorthwestern University; Vanderbilt University
- Xiangzhu ZhuVanderbilt University
- Martha J. ShrubsoleVanderbilt University
- Lifang HouNorthwestern University
- Qi DaiVanderbilt University
Abstract
Calcium and magnesium affect muscle mass and function. Magnesium and calcium are also important for optimal vitamin D status. Vitamin D status modifies the associations between physical activity and risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality. However, no study examined whether levels of magnesium and calcium and the ratio of dietary calcium to magnesium (Ca:Mg) intake modify the relationship between physical activity and mortality. We included 20,295 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants (1999-2006) aged >20 years with complete dietary, physical activity and mortality data (2,663 deaths). We assessed physical activity based on public health guidelines and sex-specific tertiles of MET-minutes/week. We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounding factors and stratified by the intakes of magnesium, calcium, Ca:Mg ratio. We found higher physical activity was significantly associated with reduced risk of total mortality and cause-specific mortality, regardless of Ca:Mg ratio, magnesium or calcium intake. In contrast, both moderate and high physical activity were significantly associated with substantially reduced risks of mortality due to cancer when magnesium intake was above the RDA level. We also found higher physical activity was significantly associated with a reduced risk of mortality due to cancer only when Ca:Mg ratios were between 1.7 and 2.6, although the interaction was not significant. Overall, dietary magnesium and, potentially, the Ca:Mg ratio modify the relationship between physical activity and cause-specific mortality. Further study is important to understand the modifying effects of the balance between calcium and magnesium intake on physical activity for chronic disease prevention.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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