Marine Omega-3 Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis of 13 Randomized Controlled Trials Involving 127 477 Participants
Hu Y, Hu FB, Manson JE
Journal of the American Heart Association · 265 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Possibly industry funded
- Government
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Government
- National Cancer Institute
- Government
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Government
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Government
- NHLBI NIH HHS
- Government
- NCI NIH HHS
- Authors
- At least one author declares a financial tie to industry
- Grants
- National Cancer Institute (R01 CA138962); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK112940); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL118264); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 HL060712)
Based on 6 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2019-09-30 · J Am Heart Assoc · vol. 8 · issue 19 · p. e013543
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 391 citations · more than 100% of similar papers · 30.0× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 26 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY-NC-ND
- Research areas
- Fatty Acid Research and Health · Birth, Development, and Health · Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Keywords
- Medicine, Myocardial infarction, Internal medicine, Relative risk, Meta-analysis, Stroke (engine), Confidence interval, Randomized controlled trial, Cardiology, Hazard ratio, Surgery
- MeSH
- humans, cardiovascular diseases, fatty acids, omega-3, treatment outcome, risk assessment, risk factors, dietary supplements, aged, middle aged, female, male, randomized controlled trials as topic, protective factors
3 authors
From US
- Yang HuHarvard University
- Frank B. HuBrigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard University
- JoAnn E. MansonBrigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard University
Abstract
Background Whether marine omega-3 supplementation is associated with reduction in risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. Methods and Results This meta-analysis included study-level data from 13 trials. The outcomes of interest included myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease (CHD) death, total CHD, total stroke, CVD death, total CVD, and major vascular events. The unadjusted rate ratios were calculated using a fixed-effect meta-analysis. A meta-regression was conducted to estimate the dose-response relationship between marine omega-3 dosage and risk of each prespecified outcome. During a mean treatment duration of 5.0 years, 3838 myocardial infarctions, 3008 CHD deaths, 8435 total CHD events, 2683 strokes, 5017 CVD deaths, 15 759 total CVD events, and 16 478 major vascular events were documented. In the analysis excluding REDUCE-IT (Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial), marine omega-3 supplementation was associated with significantly lower risk of myocardial infarction (rate ratio [RR] [95% CI]: 0.92 [0.86, 0.99]; P=0.020), CHD death (RR [95% CI]: 0.92 [0.86, 0.98]; P=0.014), total CHD (RR [95% CI]: 0.95 [0.91, 0.99]; P=0.008), CVD death (RR [95% CI]: 0.93 [0.88, 0.99]; P=0.013), and total CVD (RR [95% CI]: 0.97 [0.94, 0.99]; P=0.015). Inverse associations for all outcomes were strengthened after including REDUCE-IT while introducing statistically significant heterogeneity. Statistically significant linear dose-response relationships were found for total CVD and major vascular events in the analyses with and without including REDUCE-IT. Conclusions Marine omega-3 supplementation lowers risk for myocardial infarction, CHD death, total CHD, CVD death, and total CVD, even after exclusion of REDUCE-IT. Risk reductions appeared to be linearly related to marine omega-3 dose.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC-ND).
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