Associations of screen time, sedentary time and physical activity with sleep in under 5s: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Janssen X, Martin A, Hughes AR, Hill CM, Kotronoulas G, Hesketh KR
Sleep medicine reviews · 175 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Nonprofit
- Wellcome Trust
- Government
- United Kingdom Clinical Research Collaboration
- Government
- Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorate
- Government
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Nonprofit
- British Heart Foundation
- University or hospital
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research
- Government
- Chief Scientist Office, Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorate
- Government
- Medical Research Council
- Government
- Economic and Social Research Council
- Government
- Chief Scientist Office
- Government
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
- Grants
- Wellcome Trust (RES‐590‐28‐0002); Wellcome Trust ((107337/Z/15/Z)); Economic and Social Research Council (RES-590-28-0002); United Kingdom Clinical Research Collaboration (RES-590-28-0002); Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017); Wellcome Trust (107337); Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/14); Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/14); Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorate (SPHSU14); Wellcome Trust (/Z/15/Z); Centre for Diet and Activity Research (RES-590-28-0002); Medical Research Council (SPHSU14)
Based on 11 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2019-11-03 · Sleep Med Rev · vol. 49 · p. 101226
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Cited
- 291 citations · more than 97% of similar papers · 5.3× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 74 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Children's Physical and Motor Development · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet · Child Development and Digital Technology
- Keywords
- screen time, sedentary behavior, physical activity, sleep, children under five, infants, toddlers, preschool children, outdoor play
- MeSH
- humans, exercise, sleep, age factors, child, preschool, infant, infant, newborn, screen time, sedentary behavior
6 authors
From GB
- Xanne Janssen · correspondingUniversity of Strathclyde
- Anne MartinMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit; University of Glasgow
- Adrienne R. HughesUniversity of Strathclyde
- Catherine Mary HillSouthampton Children's Hospital; University of Southampton; University College London
- Grigorios KotronoulasUniversity of Glasgow
- Kathryn R. HeskethUniversity of Cambridge; MRC Epidemiology Unit; Communicating Diet and Activity Research
Abstract
Sleep is crucial to children's health and development. Reduced physical activity and increased screen time adversely impact older children's sleep, but little is known about these associations in children under 5 y. This systematic review examined the association between screen time/movement behaviors (sedentary behavior, physical activity) and sleep outcomes in infants (0-1 y); toddlers (1-2 y); and preschoolers (3-4 y). Evidence was selected according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and synthesized using vote counting based on the direction of association. Quality assessment and a Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation was performed, stratified according to child age, exposure and outcome measure. Thirty-one papers were included. Results indicate that screen time is associated with poorer sleep outcomes in infants, toddlers and preschoolers. Meta-analysis confirmed these unfavorable associations in infants and toddlers but not preschoolers. For movement behaviors results were mixed, though physical activity and outdoor play in particular were favorably associated with most sleep outcomes in toddlers and preschoolers. Overall, quality of evidence was very low, with strongest evidence for daily/evening screen time use in toddlers and preschoolers. Although high-quality experimental evidence is required, our findings should prompt parents, clinicians and educators to encourage sleep-promoting behaviors (e.g., less evening screen time) in the under 5s.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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