Dietary Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association
Carson JAS, Lichtenstein AH, Anderson CAM, Appel LJ, Kris-Etherton PM, Meyer KA, Petersen K, Polonsky T, Van Horn L, American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; and Stroke Council
Circulation · 207 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2019-12-16 · Circulation · vol. 141 · issue 3 · pp. e39–e53
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Cited
- 334 citations · more than 100% of similar papers · 27.5× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 65 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Nutritional Studies and Diet · Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling · Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- Medicine, Saturated fat, Environmental health, Context (archaeology), Cholesterol, Dietary Cholesterol, Refined grains, DASH diet, Disease, Mediterranean diet, Observational study, Dash, Whole grains, Food science, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Blood pressure, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, cardiovascular diseases, cholesterol, dietary, nutrition policy, recommended dietary allowances, diet, western
9 authors
From DE, US, CN
- Jo Ann S. Carson
- Alice Hinda LichtensteinAlice-Salomon-Hochschule Berlin
- Cheryl A.M. Anderson
- Lawrence J. Appel
- Penny M. Kris‐EthertonPenny George Institute for Health and Healing
- Katie A. MeyerMeyer (China)
Abstract
The elimination of specific dietary cholesterol target recommendations in recent guidelines has raised questions about its role with respect to cardiovascular disease. This advisory was developed after a review of human studies on the relationship of dietary cholesterol with blood lipids, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular disease risk to address questions about the relevance of dietary cholesterol guidance for heart health. Evidence from observational studies conducted in several countries generally does not indicate a significant association with cardiovascular disease risk. Although meta-analyses of intervention studies differ in their findings, most associate intakes of cholesterol that exceed current average levels with elevated total or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Dietary guidance should focus on healthy dietary patterns (eg, Mediterranean-style and DASH [Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension]-style diets) that are inherently relatively low in cholesterol with typical levels similar to the current US intake. These patterns emphasize fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat or fat-free dairy products, lean protein sources, nuts, seeds, and liquid vegetable oils. A recommendation that gives a specific dietary cholesterol target within the context of food-based advice is challenging for clinicians and consumers to implement; hence, guidance focused on dietary patterns is more likely to improve diet quality and to promote cardiovascular health.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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