Nut Consumption and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies
Long J, Ji Z, Yuan P, Long T, Liu K, Li J, Cheng L
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 16 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Government
- National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund
- Grants
- National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund (81572071); National Natural Science Foundation of China (81572071)
Based on 2 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2020-02-10 · Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · vol. 29 · issue 3 · pp. 565–573
- Publisher
- American Association for Cancer Research
- Cited
- 30 citations · more than 74% of similar papers · 1.2× the field average
- References
- 65 works
- Access
- Paywalled
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies · Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
- Keywords
- Nut, Medicine, Relative risk, Meta-analysis, Prospective cohort study, Confidence interval, Cancer, Consumption (sociology), Random effects model, Internal medicine, Environmental health, Demography
- MeSH
- humans, nuts, neoplasms, prospective studies, feeding behavior, protective factors
7 authors
From CN
- Jieyi LongTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Zhi JiTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Peihong YuanTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Tingting LongTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Ke LiuTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Jiaoyuan LiTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Abstract
Background
Epidemiologic studies have investigated the association between nut intake and risk for multiple cancers. However, current findings are inconsistent and no definite conclusion has been drawn from prospective studies. We therefore conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between nut consumption and risk of cancer.
Methods
Prospective studies reporting associations between nut intake and risk for all types of cancer were identified by searching Web of Science and PubMed databases up to June 2019. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted and then pooled across the studies using a random-effect model. A dose-response analysis was modeled by performing restricted cubic splines when data were available.
Results
Thirty-three studies that included more than 50,000 cancer cases were eligible for the analysis. When comparing the highest with the lowest category of nut intake, high consumption of nuts was significantly associated with decreased risk of overall cancer (RR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85-0.95). The protective effect of nut consumption was especially apparent against cancers from the digestive system (RR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.77-0.89). Among different nut classes, significant association was only obtained for intake of tree nuts. We also observed a linear dose-response relationship between nut consumption and cancer: Per 20 g/day increase in nut consumption was related to a 10% (RR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99) decrease in cancer risk.
Conclusions
Our analysis demonstrated an inverse association of dietary nut consumption with cancer risk, especially for cancers from the digestive system.
Impact
This study highlights the protective effect of nuts against cancer.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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