Dietary creatine intake and depression risk among U.S. adults
Bakian AV, Huber RS, Scholl L, Renshaw PF, Kondo D
Translational psychiatry · 66 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Cross-sectional study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Government
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- University or hospital
- Utah Science Technology and Research
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Government
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Government
- NIH Clinical Center
- Government
- NIMH NIH HHS
- Government
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health
- Government
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- Grants
- National Institutes of Health (5r33mh096858-05); National Institute of Mental Health (R33MH096858); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (R33MH096858)
Based on 10 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2020-02-03 · Transl Psychiatry · vol. 10 · issue 1 · p. 52
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Cited
- 93 citations · more than 95% of similar papers · 4.3× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 83 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition · Eating Disorders and Behaviors · Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Medicine, Creatine, Depression (economics), Quartile, Creatine Monohydrate, Logistic regression, Odds ratio, Body mass index, Internal medicine, Confounding, Environmental health, Confidence interval
- MeSH
- humans, creatine, diet, nutrition surveys, cross-sectional studies, depression, adult, female
5 authors
From US
- Amanda V. Bakian · correspondingUniversity of Utah
- Rebekah S. HuberUniversity of Utah
- Lindsay S. SchollUniversity of Utah
- Perry Franklin RenshawUniversity of Utah; Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers
- Douglas G. KondoUniversity of Utah; Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers
Abstract
Creatine monohydrate is actively being researched for its antidepressant effects, yet little is known about the link between dietary creatine and depression risk. This study examines the association between dietary creatine and depression in U.S. adults, using data from the 2005 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Patient health questionnaire, dietary creatine intake and covariates were obtained on 22,692 NHANES participants ≥20 years of age. Depression prevalence was calculated within quartiles of dietary creatine intake. Adjusted logistic regression models were formulated to determine the relationship between dietary creatine intake and depression risk. Additional covariates included income to poverty ratio, race/ethnicity, sex, age, education level, body mass index, healthcare access, smoking status, physical activity, and antidepressant/anxiolytic medication use. Models were further stratified by sex, age group, and antidepressant/anxiolytic medication use. Depression prevalence was 10.23/100 persons (95% CI: 8.64-11.83) among NHANES participants in the lowest quartile of dietary creatine intake compared with 5.98/100 persons (95% CI: 4.97-6.98) among participants in the highest quartile (p < 0.001). An inverse association was measured between dietary creatine and depression (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52-0.88). Dietary creatine's negative association with depression was strongest in females (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.40-0.98), participants aged 20-39 years (AOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34-0.79) and participants not taking antidepressant/anxiolytic medication (AOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43-0.77). Study results indicate a significant negative relationship between dietary creatine and depression in a nationally representative adult cohort. Further research is warranted to investigate the role creatine plays in depression, particularly among women and across the lifespan.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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