Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhang XF, Zhang XF, Wang XK, Tang YJ, Guan XX, Guo Y, Fan JM, Cui LL
Nutrition journal · 43 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Grants
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81402670)
Based on 1 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2020-06-03 · Nutr J · vol. 19 · issue 1 · p. 52
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
- Cited
- 69 citations · more than 89% of similar papers · 2.1× the field average
- References
- 69 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Food composition and properties · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Keywords
- Medicine, Meta-analysis, Clinical nutrition, Digestive tract, Association (psychology), Internal medicine, Environmental health
- MeSH
- humans, gastrointestinal neoplasms, odds ratio, risk factors, whole grains
7 authors
From CN
- Xiaofeng ZhangZhengzhou University
- Xiaokai WangZhengzhou University
- Yujun TangZhengzhou University
- Xiao-Xian GuanZhengzhou University
- Yao GuoFirst Affiliated Hospital of Henan University
- Jianming FanZhengzhou University
Abstract
Background
Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between whole grains intake and digestive tract cancer risk; however, the results are still controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the association.
Methods
Studies published before March 2020 were searched in database and other sources. The risk ratio (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using fix or random-effects models.
Results
This meta-analysis included 34 articles reporting 35 studies, 18 studies of colorectal cancer, 11 studies of gastric cancer and 6 studies of esophagus cancer, involving 2,663,278 participants and 28,921 cases. Comparing the highest-intake participants with the lowest-intake participants for whole grains, we found that the intake of whole grains were inversely related to colorectal cancer (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.93, P < 0.001), gastric cancer (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.79, P < 0.001), esophagus cancer (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44-0.67, P < 0.001), respectively. However, subgroup analysis of colorectal cancer found no significant association in the case-control studies and studies of sample size < 500, and subgroup analysis of gastric cancer found no significant association in the cohort studies and studies of American population. No study significantly affected the findings in the sensitivity analysis. No publication bias was found in the studies for colorectal cancer and esophagus cancer except in the studies for gastric cancer.
Conclusion
This meta-analysis provides further evidence that whole grains intake was associated with a reduced risk of digestive tract cancer. Our result supports the dietary guidelines that increase whole grains intake to reduce the risk of digestive tract cancer.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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