Long-term magnesium supplementation improves glucocorticoid metabolism: A post-hoc analysis of an intervention trial
Schutten JC, Joris PJ, Minović I, Post A, van Beek AP, de Borst MH, Mensink RP, Bakker SJL
Clinical endocrinology · 18 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Mechanisms only
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Nonprofit
- Nierstichting
Based on 1 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2020-10-08 · Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) · vol. 94 · issue 2 · pp. 150–157
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 25 citations · more than 76% of similar papers · 1.2× the field average
- References
- 38 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC
- Research areas
- Magnesium in Health and Disease · Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension · Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- Cortisone, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Glucocorticoid, Medicine, Excretion, Placebo, Chemistry, Urine
- MeSH
- humans, magnesium, tetrahydrocortisone, cortisone, hydrocortisone, glucocorticoids, dietary supplements, aged, middle aged, female, male
8 authors
From NL
- Joëlle C. Schutten · correspondingUniversity Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen
- Peter J. JorisMaastricht University Medical Centre; Maastricht University
- Isidor MinovićUniversity Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen
- Adrian PostUniversity Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen
- André P. van BeekUniversity Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen
- Martin H. de BorstUniversity Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen
Abstract
Objective
Increasing magnesium intake might reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether potential effects on cortisol contribute to these beneficial effects on cardiovascular health remains unclear. We therefore studied effects of long-term oral magnesium supplementation on glucocorticoid metabolism, specifically on the excretion of urinary cortisol, cortisone and their metabolites, as well as on the ratios reflecting enzymatic activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11β-HSDs) and A-ring reductases.
Design
A post-hoc analysis of a randomized trial with allocation to a magnesium supplement (350 mg/day) or a placebo for 24-week.
Patients
Forty-nine overweight men and women, aged between 45 and 70 years.
Measurements
Cortisol, cortisone and their metabolites (tetrahydrocortisol [THF], allo-tetrahydrocortisol [allo-THF] and tetrahydrocortisone [THE]) were measured in 24-h urine samples. Enzymatic activities of 11β-HSD overall and of 11β-HSD type 2 were estimated as the urinary (THF + allo-THF [THFs])/THE and cortisol/cortisone ratios, respectively. A-ring reductase activity was assessed by ratios of THF/allo-THF, allo-THF/cortisol, THF/cortisol and THE/cortisone.
Results
After 24-week, urinary cortisol excretion was decreased in the magnesium group as compared with the placebo group (-32 nmol/24-h, 95% CI: -59; -5 nmol/24-h, p = .021). Ratios of THFs/THE and cortisol/cortisone were decreased following magnesium supplementation by 0.09 (95% CI: 0.02; 0.17, p = .018) and 0.10 (95% CI: 0.03; 0.17, p = .005), respectively. No effects were observed on A-ring reductase activity.
Conclusions
We observed a beneficial effect of magnesium supplementation towards a lower 24-h urinary cortisol excretion together with an increased activity of 11β-HSD type 2. Our findings may provide another potential mechanism by which increased magnesium intake lowers CVD risk (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02235805).
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC).
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