Associations Between Caffeine Consumption, Cognitive Decline, and Dementia: A Systematic Review
Chen JQA, Scheltens P, Groot C, Ossenkoppele R
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 44 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Systematic review (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2020-11-10 · J Alzheimers Dis · vol. 78 · issue 4 · pp. 1519–1546
- Publisher
- IOS Press
- Cited
- 62 citations · more than 84% of similar papers · 1.8× the field average
- References
- 108 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC
- Research areas
- Coffee research and impacts · Tea Polyphenols and Effects · Heavy Metals in Plants
- Keywords
- Dementia, Cognitive decline, Cognition, Consumption (sociology), Psychology, Caffeine, Cognitive psychology, Gerontology, Medicine, Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Internal medicine, Disease, Sociology, Social science
- MeSH
- humans, dementia, caffeine, sex factors, coffee, tea, protective factors, cognitive dysfunction
4 authors
From NL, SE
- J.Q. Alida Chen · correspondingAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- Philip ScheltensAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- Colin GrootAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- Rik OssenkoppeleLund University; Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Abstract
Background
Epidemiologic studies have provided inconclusive evidence for a protective effect of caffeine consumption on risk of dementia and cognitive decline.
Objective
To summarize literature on the association between caffeine and 1) the risk of dementia and/or cognitive decline, and 2) cognitive performance in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, and 3) to examine the effect of study characteristics by categorizing studies based on caffeine source, quantity and other possible confounders.
Methods
We performed a systematic review of caffeine effects by assessing overall study outcomes; positive, negative or no effect. Our literature search identified 61 eligible studies performed between 1990 and 2020.
Results
For studies analyzing the association between caffeine and the risk of dementia and/or cognitive decline, 16/57 (28%) studies including a total of 40,707/153,070 (27%) subjects reported positive study outcomes, and 30/57 (53%) studies including 71,219/153,070 (47%) subjects showed positive results that were dependent on study characteristics. Caffeine effects were more often positive when consumed in moderate quantities (100-400 mg/d), consumed in coffee or green tea, and in women. Furthermore, four studies evaluated the relationship between caffeine consumption and cognitive function in cognitively impaired individuals and the majority (3/4 [75% ]) of studies including 272/289 subjects (94%) reported positive outcomes.
Conclusion
This review suggests that caffeine consumption, especially moderate quantities consumed through coffee or green tea and in women, may reduce the risk of dementia and cognitive decline, and may ameliorate cognitive decline in cognitively impaired individuals.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC).
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