Funded in part by Top Sector Agri and Food, Cereal Partners Worldwide, Dutch Bakery Center, GoodMills Innovation GmbH
Minor Changes in the Composition and Function of the Gut Microbiota During a 12-Week Whole Grain Wheat or Refined Wheat Intervention Correlate with Liver Fat in Overweight and Obese Adults
van Trijp MPH, Schutte S, Esser D, Wopereis S, Hoevenaars FPM, Hooiveld GJEJ, Afman LA
The Journal of nutrition · 28 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Industry group
- Top Sector Agri and Food
- Government
- European Commission
- Company
- Cereal Partners Worldwide
- University or hospital
- TNO roadmap Nutrition & Health
- Industry group
- Dutch Bakery Center
- Government
- Topsector Agri & Food
- Company
- GoodMills Innovation GmbH
- Grants
- European Commission (613979); Top Sector Agri and Food (TKI-AF 12083)
Based on 7 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2020-10-06 · J Nutr · vol. 151 · issue 3 · pp. 491–502
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Cited
- 38 citations · more than 87% of similar papers · 1.9× the field average
- References
- 71 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC
- Research areas
- Gut microbiota and health · Food composition and properties · Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Keywords
- Overweight, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Gut flora, Alanine transaminase, Butyrate, Aspartate transaminase, Obesity, Internal medicine, Transaminase, Medicine, Prebiotic, Feces, Roseburia, Biology, Fatty liver, Endocrinology, Food science, Animal science, Lactobacillus, Biochemistry, Fermentation, Enzyme, Microbiology, Disease
- MeSH
- liver, feces, humans, fatty liver, double-blind method, dietary fiber, flour, aged, middle aged, female, male, overweight, metabolic networks and pathways, biomarkers, gastrointestinal microbiome, whole grains
7 authors
From NL
- Mara P. H. van TrijpWageningen University & Research
- Sophie SchutteWageningen University & Research
- Diederik EsserWageningen University & Research
- Suzan WopereisNetherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research
- Femke P. M. HoevenaarsNetherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research
- Guido J. E. J. HooiveldWageningen University & Research
Abstract
Background
Whole grain wheat (WGW) products are advocated as a healthy choice when compared with refined wheat (RW). One proposed mechanism for these health benefits is via the microbiota, because WGW contains multiple fibers. WGW consumption has been proposed to ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, in which microbiota might play a role.
Objectives
We investigated the effect of WGW compared with RW intervention on the fecal microbiota composition and functionality, and correlated intervention-induced changes in bacteria with changes in liver health parameters in adults with overweight or obesity.
Methods
We used data of a 12-wk double-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel trial to examine the effects of a WGW (98 g/d) or RW (98 g/d) intervention on the secondary outcomes fecal microbiota composition, predicted microbiota functionality, and stool consistency in 37 women and men (aged 45-70 y, BMI 25-35 kg/m2). The changes in microbiota composition, measured using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, after a 12-wk intervention were analyzed with nonparametric tests, and correlated with changes in liver fat and circulating concentrations of liver enzymes including alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and serum amyloid A.
Results
The WGW intervention increased the mean (± SD) relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 (baseline: 2.2 ± 4.6%, differential change over time (Δ) 0.51 ± 4.2%), Ruminiclostridium_9 (baseline: 0.065 ± 0.11%, Δ 0.054 ± 0.14%), and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group (baseline: 0.37 ± 0.56%, Δ 0.17 ± 0.83%), and also the predicted pathway acetyl-CoA fermentation to butyrate II (baseline: 0.23 ± 0.062%, Δ 0.035 ± 0.059%), compared with the RW intervention (P values <0.05). A change in Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group was positively correlated with the change in liver fat, in both the WGW (ρ = 0.54; P = 0.026) and RW (ρ = 0.67; P = 0.024) groups.
Conclusions
In middle-aged overweight and obese adults, a 12-wk WGW intervention increased the relative abundance of a number of bacterial taxa from the family Ruminococcaceae and increased predicted fermentation pathways when compared with an RW intervention. Potential protective health effects of replacement of RW by WGW on metabolic organs, such as the liver, via modulation of the microbiota, deserve further investigation.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02385149.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC).
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