Music intervention to relieve anxiety and pain in adults undergoing cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Kakar E, Billar RJ, van Rosmalen J, Klimek M, Takkenberg JJM, Jeekel J
Open heart · 62 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- Erasmus Medisch Centrum
- University or hospital
- Erasmus Universitair Medisch Centrum Rotterdam
Based on 2 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2021-01-01 · Open Heart · vol. 8 · issue 1 · p. e001474
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Cited
- 103 citations · more than 93% of similar papers · 3.2× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 72 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY-NC
- Research areas
- Music Therapy and Health · Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders · Family and Patient Care in Intensive Care Units
- Keywords
- Medicine, Anxiety, Visual analogue scale, Meta-analysis, Perioperative, Physical therapy, Music therapy, Randomized controlled trial, Anesthesia, Confidence interval, Psychological intervention, Internal medicine, Psychiatry
- MeSH
- humans, music therapy, postoperative care, cardiac surgical procedures, anxiety, adult
6 authors
From NL
- Ellaha Kakar · correspondingErasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
- Ryan J. BillarErasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
- Joost van RosmalenErasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
- Markus KlimekErasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
- Johanna J.M. TakkenbergErasmus MC
- Johannes J. JeekelErasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
Abstract
Objectives
Previous studies have reported beneficial effects of perioperative music on patients' anxiety and pain. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials investigating music interventions in cardiac surgery.
Methods
Five electronic databases were systematically searched. Primary outcomes were patients' postoperative anxiety and pain. Secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay, opioid use, vital parameters and time on mechanical ventilation. PRISMA guidelines were followed and PROSPERO database registration was completed (CRD42020149733). A meta-analysis was performed using random effects models and pooled standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.
Results
Twenty studies were included for qualitative analysis (1169 patients) and 16 (987 patients) for meta-analysis. The first postoperative music session was associated with significantly reduced postoperative anxiety (SMD = -0.50 (95% CI -0.67 to -0.32), p<0.01) and pain (SMD = -0.51 (95% CI -0.84 to -0.19), p<0.01). This is equal to a reduction of 4.00 points (95% CI 2.56 to 5.36) and 1.05 points (95% CI 0.67 to 1.41) on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)/Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), respectively, for anxiety, and 1.26 points (95% CI 0.47 to 2.07) on the VAS/NRS for pain. Multiple days of music intervention reduced anxiety until 8 days postoperatively (SMD = -0.39 (95% CI -0.64 to -0.15), p<0.01).
Conclusions
Offering recorded music is associated with a significant reduction in postoperative anxiety and pain in cardiac surgery. Unlike pharmacological interventions, music is without side effects so is promising in this population.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC).
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